Bifurcation phenomena observed in turbulence and transport, in topology of magnetic field and MHD, and the interplay between turbulence and MHD bifurcation in magnetically confined toroidal plasmas are reviewed. Two types of bifurcation phenomena in turbulent transport are discussed. One is significant change in the magnitude of the diffusion term and the other is a sign flip of non-diffusive term of transport. The bifurcation of diffusion term magnitude causes the transition to a so-called improved mode such as ion-electron root transition, L-mode to H-mode transition, and ITB formation. In contrast, the bifurcation of non-diffusion term sign causes the intrinsic flow reversal, convection reversal of bulk ion, and impurity ions. Two types of bifurcation phenomena in MHD are discussed. One is the bifurcation of static magnetic topology and the other is the bifurcation of MHD instability. The bifurcation of static magnetic topology is observed in between three magnetic topology (nested magnetic flux surface, magnetic island and stochastic magnetic field) in toroidal plasma. The bifurcation of MHD instability is observed as a parity change of MHD oscillation. The bifurcation of the magnetic island states caused by the interplay between turbulence and MHD is also discussed.

回顾了在湍流和输运，磁场和MHD拓扑中观察到的分叉现象，以及在电磁约束的环形等离子体中湍流和MHD分叉之间的相互作用。讨论了湍流输运中的两种分叉现象。一个是扩散项幅度的显着变化，另一个是非扩散传输项的符号翻转。扩散项幅值的分叉导致过渡到所谓的改进模式，例如离子电子根过渡，L模式到H模式过渡以及ITB形成。相反，非扩散项符号的分叉会导致固有流动逆转，体离子的对流逆转和杂质离子。讨论了MHD中的两种分叉现象。一个是静磁拓扑的分叉，另一个是MHD不稳定性的分叉。在环形等离子体的三个磁拓扑（嵌套磁通量表面，磁岛和随机磁场）之间观察到静态磁拓扑的分叉。观察到MHD不稳定性的分叉是MHD振荡的奇偶性变化。还讨论了由湍流和MHD之间的相互作用引起的磁岛态的分叉。