Here we examine what effects acute manipulation of the cerebellum, a canonically motor structure, can have on the hippocampus, a canonically cognitive structure. In male and female mice, acute perturbation of the cerebellar vermis (lobule 4/5) or simplex produced reliable and specific effects in hippocampal function at cellular, population, and behavioral levels, including evoked local field potentials, increased hippocampal cFos expression, and altered CA1 calcium event rate, amplitudes, and correlated activity. We additionally noted a selective deficit on an object location memory task, which requires objection-location pairing. We therefore combined cerebellar optogenetic stimulation and CA1 calcium imaging with an object-exploration task, and found that cerebellar stimulation reduced the representation of place fields near objects, and prevented a shift in representation to the novel location when an object was moved. Together, these results clearly demonstrate that acute modulation of the cerebellum alters hippocampal function, and further illustrates that the cerebellum can influence cognitive domains.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The cerebellum, a canonically motor-related structure, is being increasingly recognized for its influence on nonmotor functions and structures. The hippocampus is a brain region critical for cognitive functions, such as episodic memory and spatial navigation. To investigate how modulation of the cerebellum may impact the hippocampus, we stimulated two sites of the cerebellar cortex and examined hippocampal function at multiple levels. We found that cerebellar stimulation strongly modulates hippocampal activity, disrupts spatial memory, and alters object-location processing. Therefore, a canonically cognitive brain area, the hippocampus, is sensitive to cerebellar modulation.

在这里，我们研究了急性操纵小脑（一种典型的运动结构）会对海马体（一种典型的认知结构）产生什么影响。在雄性和雌性小鼠中，小脑ver部（小叶4/5）或单纯形的急性扰动在细胞，群体和行为水平（包括诱发的局部场电位，海马cFos表达增加和改变）方面对海马功能产生了可靠而特定的影响。 CA1钙事件发生率，幅度和相关活动。我们还注意到对象位置存储任务的选择性缺陷，这需要对象与位置配对。因此，我们将小脑光遗传刺激和CA1钙成像与对象探索任务结合在一起，发现小脑刺激会减少对象附近的位置场的表示，并防止在移动对象时将表示转移到新颖的位置。在一起，这些结果清楚地表明，小脑的急性调节改变海马功能，并进一步说明小脑可以影响认知领域。

意义声明小脑是一种典型的运动相关结构，由于其对非运动功能和结构的影响而日益受到认可。海马是大脑对认知功能至关重要的区域，例如情景记忆和空间导航。为了研究小脑的调节如何影响海马体，我们刺激了小脑皮层的两个部位并在多个水平上检查了海马体功能。我们发现，小脑刺激强烈调节海马活动，破坏空间记忆，并改变对象定位处理。因此，典型的认知脑区海马对小脑调制敏感。