Panfish populations create some of the most popular and intensively managed recreational fisheries in North America. However, sampling biases may prevent fisheries managers from making informed decisions. Typically, panfish are collected using fyke nets; however, hoop nets also may be effective for capturing these species. Information regarding the most efficient and least biased approach for sampling panfish would allow fishery managers to collect the highest quality data for their management. We used three gear types (standard North American‐design fyke net, 13‐mm‐mesh hoop nets, and 25‐mm‐mesh hoop nets) to compare the catch rates and size structure of panfish (Bluegill Lepomis macrochirus, Redear Sunfish L. microlophus, and White Crappie Pomoxis annularis), total bycatch, effects of environmental factors on catch and bycatch, and sampling efficiency (number of nets needed to achieve a relative SE ≤ 25% [RSE25]). Target panfish species dominated the catch (91–94%) and nontarget bycatch rates were low (6–9%) irrespective of gear type. We observed considerable variability in relative abundance, size structure, and number of nets needed to achieve RSE25, which differed by species and gear type. Detection probabilities for Bluegill and White Crappie were greatest when using 13‐mm‐mesh hoop nets, but detection probabilities for Redear Sunfish did not differ across gear types. Environmental variables influenced panfish detection and abundance, as lower water temperature and increased depth generally resulted in decreased detection probabilities and abundance of target panfish. The standard fyke net captured panfishes at greater rates and of broader size structures than both hoop‐net designs and appeared to be the most efficient method for collecting Bluegill, Redear Sunfish, and White Crappie in this study. While hoop nets have great utility for sampling panfishes, they may not efficiently capture enough fish in some cases to support informed management decisions.

中文翻译：

---

估算环境变量和渔具类型对水库中泛鱼捕捞和兼捕的影响

斑节population鱼种群在北美创造了一些最受欢迎和集约化管理的休闲渔业。但是，抽样偏差可能会阻止渔业管理者做出明智的决定。通常，pan鱼使用鱼叉网进行捕捞；但是，箍网也可能有效捕获这些物种。有关最有效，最无偏见的对虾抽样方法的信息将使渔业管理人员能够收集最高质量的数据进行管理。我们使用了三种齿轮类型（标准的北美设计的鱼叉网，13毫米网眼的网和25毫米网眼的网）来比较pan鱼（蓝g Lepomis macrochirus，Redear Sunfish L.小lop和白色Crappie Pomoxis ringis），总的兼捕量，环境因素对兼捕和兼捕的影响以及采样效率（达到相对SE≤25％所需的渔网数量[RSE25]）。无论渔具类型如何，目标泛鱼种类占主要捕捞量（91–94％），非目标副渔获物率低（6–9％）。我们观察到达到RSE25所需的相对丰度，尺寸结构和网的数量存在很大的差异，具体取决于种类和齿轮类型。当使用13毫米网眼的环网时，蓝g和白薄饼的检测概率最大，但是Redear Sunfish的检测概率在不同类型的齿轮之间没有差异。环境变量影响了fish鱼的检测和丰度，因为较低的水温和增加的深度通常会导致目标pan鱼的检测概率和丰度降低。与两种网状设计相比，标准的鱼叉网以更高的速率捕获了泛鱼，并在更宽的尺寸结构中捕获了泛鱼，并且在本研究中，这似乎是收集蓝,、红耳翻车鱼和白薄饼的最有效方法。尽管箍网在抽样对虾时很有用，但在某些情况下它们可能无法有效捕获足够的鱼类来支持明智的管理决策。