BACKGROUND Literature has demonstrated that diabetes is associated with renal complication and testicular dysfunctions. The current study explored the potential of Tiliacora triandra extract and its major component against diabetic kidney and testicular damages in rats. METHODS Diabetes was induced by high fat diet/streptozotocin (HFD/STZ) and treated orally with Tiliacora triandra extract (TTE, 100 and 400 mg/kg body weight) and its major component, 5, 7-dihydroxy-6-oxoheptadecanoic acid (DHA, 25 mg/kg body weight) for 30 consecutive days. Testicular activities of testicular enzymes, serum levels of testosterone, LH and FSH, sperm parameters and urinalysis for protein and albumin levels were evaluated. Renal and testicular biomarkers of oxidative stress and pro-inflammation were analysed along with histology. RESULTS The experimental diabetes induced significant alterations in the levels and activities of indices evaluated compared to non-diabetic normal rats. The 28-day treatment of diabetic rats with TTE and DHA markedly improved activities of testicular enzymes, restore levels of testosterone, LH and FSH and sperm parameters compared to untreated diabetic rats. TTE and DHA abrogated proteinuria and reversed urine albumin level. Testicular and renal oxidative stress and pro-inflammation were attenuated in diabetic rats treated with TTE and DHA. The diabetes-mediated histopathological damage was alleviated in the kidney and testis. CONCLUSION The protective effect of TTE and DHA against diabetes induced kidney and testicular damages may be related to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

中文翻译：

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Tiliacora triandra 提取物及其主要成分通过调节大鼠氧化还原失衡和促炎反应减轻糖尿病肾和睾丸损伤

背景文献已经证明糖尿病与肾脏并发症和睾丸功能障碍有关。目前的研究探讨了楝树提取物及其主要成分对大鼠糖尿病肾和睾丸损伤的潜力。方法 高脂肪饮食/链脲佐菌素（HFD/STZ）诱导糖尿病，并口服紫菀提取物（TTE，100和400 mg/kg体重）及其主要成分5, 7-二羟基-6-氧代十七烷酸（ DHA，25 毫克/公斤体重）连续 30 天。评估了睾丸酶的睾丸活性、睾酮、LH 和 FSH 的血清水平、精子参数以及尿液分析中的蛋白质和白蛋白水平。氧化应激和促炎症的肾脏和睾丸生物标志物与组织学一起进行了分析。结果 与非糖尿病正常大鼠相比，实验性糖尿病引起评价指标的水平和活性的显着改变。与未治疗的糖尿病大鼠相比，用 TTE 和 DHA 治疗糖尿病大鼠 28 天显着改善了睾丸酶的活性，恢复了睾酮、LH 和 FSH 的水平以及精子参数。TTE 和 DHA 可消除蛋白尿并逆转尿白蛋白水平。用 TTE 和 DHA 治疗的糖尿病大鼠的睾丸和肾脏氧化应激和促炎症减弱。糖尿病介导的组织病理学损伤在肾脏和睾丸中得到缓解。结论 TTE和DHA对糖尿病肾和睾丸损伤的保护作用可能与其抗氧化和抗炎活性有关。本文受版权保护。