Spermatozoa motility is a key parameter during the fertilization process. In this context, spermatozoa tyrosine protein phosphorylation and an appropriate cytoskeleton α‐tubulin distribution are some of the most important physiological events involved in motility. However, the relationship between these two biomarkers remains poorly defined. Here, we characterized simultaneously by immunocytochemistry the α‐tubulin (TUBA4A) distribution and the tyrosine phosphorylation at flagellum before capacitation, during different capacitation times (1 and 4 hr), and after acrosome reaction induction in human spermatozoa. We found that the absence of spermatozoa phosphorylation in tyrosine residues positively and significantly correlated (p < 0.05) with the terminal piece α‐tubulin flagellar distribution in all physiological conditions. Conversely, we observed a positive significant correlation (p < 0.01) between phosphorylated spermatozoa and continuous α‐tubulin distribution in spermatozoa flagellum, independently of the physiological condition. Similarly, the subpopulation of spermatozoa with tyrosine phosphorylated and continuous α‐tubulin increases with longer capacitation times and after the acrosome reaction induction. Overall, these findings provide novel insights into the post‐transcriptional physiological events associated to α‐tubulin and the tyrosine phosphorylation during fertilization, which present potential implications for the improvement of spermatozoa selection methods.

中文翻译：

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在体外获能和人类精子顶体反应过程中，适当的细胞骨架 α-微管蛋白分布伴随着酪氨酸磷酸化。

精子活力是受精过程中的一个关键参数。在这种情况下，精子酪氨酸蛋白磷酸化和适当的细胞骨架 α-微管蛋白分布是参与运动的一些最重要的生理事件。然而，这两种生物标志物之间的关系仍然不明确。在这里，我们通过免疫细胞化学同时表征了获能前、不同获能时间（1 小时和 4 小时）以及人类精子顶体反应诱导后鞭毛处的 α-微管蛋白 (TUBA4A) 分布和酪氨酸磷酸化。我们发现酪氨酸残基中没有精子磷酸化呈正相关且显着相关（p < 0.05）在所有生理条件下末端α-微管蛋白鞭毛分布。相反，我们观察到 磷酸化精子与精子鞭毛中连续α-微管蛋白分布之间存在显着正相关（p < 0.01），与生理条件无关。同样，具有酪氨酸磷酸化和连续 α-微管蛋白的精子亚群随着获能时间的延长和顶体反应诱导而增加。总体而言，这些发现为与α-微管蛋白和受精过程中酪氨酸磷酸化相关的转录后生理事件提供了新的见解，这对改进精子选择方法具有潜在意义。