Abstract Once considered a human characteristic, the presence of correlations between individuals' performance in cognitive tasks has now been reported in a range of vertebrates. In humans, an important source of cognitive variability is inhibitory control: some individuals are consistently more efficient in inhibitory tasks and this affects individual differences in other cognitive tasks, including measures of general intelligence. We looked for these two types of individual differences in a teleost fish, the guppy Poecilia reticulata. First, we observed guppies in two inhibitory control tasks. In the tube task, guppies had to inhibit the tendency to attack live prey sealed into a transparent tube. In the cylinder task, guppies had to inhibit the tendency to swim directly toward a food item placed inside a transparent cylinder and rather detour and enter the cylinder from the open sides. Individual rank performance was maintained between the two inhibitory tasks, suggesting individual differences in inhibitory control across tasks in this species. Then, we tested the same set of guppies in a problem-solving task, whereby they had to learn to dislodge an object that prevented the access to a food reward. Neither the tube task nor the cylinder task score predicted guppies' problem-solving performance. Our study demonstrates that fish exhibit consistent individual differences in inhibitory control, as expected if this trait has a common evolutionary origin in vertebrates. Yet, in fish, these individual differences appear not to be related to other cognitive processes such as those required for problem solving.

中文翻译：

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抑制控制的措施与不同的任务相关，但不能预测鱼的问题解决成功，Poecilia reticulata

摘要曾经被认为是人类特征，现在已经在一系列脊椎动物中报道了个体在认知任务中的表现之间存在相关性。在人类中，认知变异的一个重要来源是抑制控制：一些个体在抑制任务中始终更有效，这会影响其他认知任务的个体差异，包括一般智力的测量。我们在硬骨鱼（孔雀鱼 Poecilia reticulata）中寻找这两种个体差异。首先，我们在两个抑制控制任务中观察到孔雀鱼。在管任务中，孔雀鱼不得不抑制攻击密封在透明管中的活猎物的倾向。在气缸任务中，孔雀鱼不得不抑制直接游向放置在透明圆柱体内的食物的倾向，而宁愿绕道而行，从敞开的侧面进入圆柱体。两个抑制性任务之间的个体等级表现保持不变，表明该物种中不同任务的抑制控制存在个体差异。然后，我们在解决问题的任务中测试了同一组孔雀鱼，它们必须学会移开一个阻止获得食物奖励的物体。管任务和圆柱任务得分都不能预测孔雀鱼解决问题的能力。我们的研究表明，如果这种特性在脊椎动物中具有共同的进化起源，那么鱼在抑制控制方面表现出一致的个体差异。然而，在鱼中，