Within the framework of the active media concept, we develop a biophysical model of autowave self-organization which is treated as a hierarchy of active media in the evolution of the biosphere. We also propose a mathematical model of the autowave process of speciation in a flow of mutations for the three main taxonometric groups (prokaryotes, unicellular and multicellular eukaryotes) with a naturally determined lower boundary of living matter (the appearance of prokaryotes) and an open upper boundary for the formation of new species. It is shown that the fluctuation-bifurcation description of the evolution for the formation of new taxonometric groups as a trajectory of transformation of small fluctuations into giant ones adequately reflects the process of self-organization during the formation of taxa. The major concepts of biological evolution, conditions of hierarchy formation as a fundamental manifestation of self-organization and complexity in the evolution of biological systems are considered.

在主动媒体概念的框架内，我们开发了自动波自组织的生物物理模型，该模型被视为生物圈演化中的主动媒体层次结构。我们还提出了三个主要分类群（原核生物、单细胞和多细胞真核生物）突变流中物种形成自动波过程的数学模型，具有自然确定的生物物质下界（原核生物的出现）和开放的上界新物种形成的边界。结果表明，新分类群形成的波动-分岔描述为小波动向大波动转变的轨迹，充分反映了分类群形成过程中的自组织过程。生物进化的主要概念，