The electromagnetic brake (EMBr) is a well-known and widely applied technology for controlling the melt flow in the continuous casting (CC) of the steel. The effect of a steady (DC) magnetic field (0.31 T) in a CC mold is numerically studied based on the GaInSn experiment. The electrical boundary conditions are varied by considering a perfectly insulating/conductive mold or the presence of a conductive solid shell, which is experimentally modeled by 0.5 mm brass plates. An intense current density (up to 350 kA/m2) is induced by the EMBr magnetic field in the form of loops. The electric current loop tends to close either inside the liquid bulk or through the conductive solid. Based on the character of the induced current loop closures, the turbulent flow is affected as follows: (i) it becomes unstable in the insulated mold, forming 2D self-inducing vortex structures aligned with the magnetic field; (ii) it is strongly damped for the conductive mold; and (iii) it exhibits transitional behavior with the presence of a solid shell. The application of the obtained results for the real CC process is discussed and validated.

中文翻译：

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连铸电磁制动电流分布

电磁制动器 (EMBr) 是一种众所周知且应用广泛的技术，用于控制钢的连铸 (CC) 中的熔体流动。基于 GaInSn 实验对 CC 模具中稳定 (DC) 磁场 (0.31 T) 的影响进行了数值研究。通过考虑完美绝缘/导电模具或导电固体壳的存在，电气边界条件会发生变化，该壳由 0.5 毫米黄铜板进行实验建模。EMBr 磁场以回路的形式感应出强电流密度（高达 350 kA/m2）。电流回路趋向于在液体内部或通过导电固体闭合。基于感应电流回路闭合的特性，湍流受到如下影响：(i) 在绝缘模具中变得不稳定，形成与磁场对齐的二维自感涡旋结构；(ii) 对导电模具有很强的阻尼作用；(iii) 它在固体壳的存在下表现出过渡行为。讨论并验证了所得结果在实际 CC 过程中的应用。