There are lots of seamounts globally whose primary production is disproportionally greater than the surrounding areas. Compared to other deep-sea environments, however, the seamounts environment is relatively less explored for fungal diversity. In the present study, we explored the fungal community structure in deep-sea sediments from four different stations of the Magellan seamounts environment by using high-throughput sequencing of the ITS1 region. A total of 1,897,618 ITS1 sequences were obtained. Among these sequences, fungal ITS1 sequences could be clustered into 1,662 OTUs. The majority of these sequences belonged to Ascomycota. In the genera level, the most abundant genus was Mortierella (4.79%), which was reported as a common fungal genus in soil and marine sediments, followed by Umbelopsis (3.80%), Cladosporium (2.98%), Saccharomycopsis (2.53%), Aspergillus (2.42%), Hortaea (2.36%), Saitozyma (2.20%), Trichoderma (2.12%), Penicillium (2.11%), Russula (1.86%), and Verticillium (1.40%). Most of these recovered genera belong to Ascomycota. The Bray-Curtis analysis showed that there was 37 to 85% dissimilarity of fungal communities between each two sediment samples. The Principal coordinates analysis clearly showed variations in the fungal community among different sediment samples. These results suggested that there was a difference in fungal community structures not only among four different sampling stations but also for different layers at the same station. The depth and geographical distance significantly affect the fungal community, and the effect of depth and geographical distance on the structure of the fungal community in the Magellan seamounts is basically same. Most of the fungi were more or less related to plants, these plant parasitic/symbiotic/endophytic fungi constitute a unique type of seamounts environmental fungal ecology, different from other marine ecosystems.

全球有许多海山，其主要产量比周围地区更大。但是，与其他深海环境相比，海山环境对于真菌多样性的探索相对较少。在本研究中，我们通过使用ITS1区的高通量测序，探索了麦哲伦海山环境四个不同站点深海沉积物中的真菌群落结构。总共获得了1,897,618个ITS1序列。在这些序列中，真菌ITS1序列可以聚集成1,662个OTU。这些序列的大多数属于子囊菌。在属水平上，最丰富的属是Mortierella（4.79％），据报道是土壤和海洋沉积物中的常见真菌属，其次是伞菌（3.80％），角孢属（2.98％），酵母菌病（2.53％），曲霉菌（2.42％），大头菜（2.36％），Sa子（2.20％），木霉菌（2.12％），青霉菌（2.11％），红菇（ 1.86％）和黄萎病（1.40％）。这些恢复的属大多数属于子囊菌。Bray-Curtis分析表明，每两个沉积物样品之间的真菌群落之间有37％到85％的相似性。主坐标分析清楚地表明了不同沉积物样品之间真菌群落的变化。这些结果表明，不仅在四个不同的采样站之间，而且在同一站的不同层，真菌群落结构都有差异。深度和地理距离显着影响真菌群落，深度和地理距离对麦哲伦海山真菌群落结构的影响基本相同。大多数真菌或多或少与植物有关，