Teratoma is a germ cell tumor (GCT) derived from stem cells of the early embryo and the germ line. Teratoma is the most common neoplasm of the ovaries and is usually diagnosed easily using imagings by detecting fat components. However, there are various histopathological types and the imaging findings differ according to the type. Teratoma usually occurs in the gonads or in the midline due to migration of primordial germ cells during development. The clinical course of teratomas depends on the age of the patient, histological type, and anatomical site. Sometimes teratomas show unusual manifestations, such as mature teratoma without demonstrable fat components, torsion, rupture, growing teratoma syndrome, anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis, and autoimmune hemolytic anemia. For all of these reasons, teratomas demonstrate a wide spectrum of imaging features and radiologists should be familiar with these variabilities. The present article aims to introduce a model encompassing types of GCTs based on their developmental potential, and to review several histopathological types in various anatomical sites and unusual manifestations of teratomas, with representative imaging findings.

畸胎瘤是一种生殖细胞肿瘤（GCT），起源于早期胚胎和种系的干细胞。畸胎瘤是卵巢最常见的肿瘤，通常可通过检测脂肪成分使用影像学轻松诊断。但是，存在多种组织病理学类型，并且根据类型不同，影像学发现也有所不同。由于发育过程中原始生殖细胞的迁移，畸胎瘤通常发生在性腺或中线。畸胎瘤的临床病程取决于患者的年龄，组织学类型和解剖部位。有时畸胎瘤表现出不同寻常的表现，例如成熟的畸胎瘤，没有可证明的脂肪成分，扭转，破裂，畸胎瘤综合症生长，抗N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸受体脑炎和自身免疫性溶血性贫血。由于所有这些原因，畸胎瘤显示出广泛的成像特征，放射科医生应熟悉这些变异性。本文旨在介绍一种基于GCT发展潜力的模型，并回顾具有代表性影像学发现的各种解剖部位和畸胎瘤异常表现的几种组织病理学类型。