Lysozyme (LYZ) sensors have attracted increased attention because rapid and sensitive detection of LYZ is highly desirable for various diseases associated with humans. In this research, we designed l-cysteine-protected ultra small photoluminescent (PL) copper nanoclusters (CuNCs) conjugated with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) for rapid detection of LYZ in human serum samples at room temperature. The proposed β-CD-CuNCs exhibited excellent water solubility, ultrafine size, good dispersion, bright photoluminescence, and good photostability. The β-CD-CuNCs exhibit an excitation and emission maximum at 370 nm and 492 nm, respectively, with an absolute quantum yield (QY) of 54.6%. β-CD-CuNCs showed a fluorescence lifetime of 12.7 ns. The addition of LYZ would result in PL quenching from β-CD-CuNCs. The lowest detectable LYZ concentration was 50 nM for the naked eye and the limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were 0.36 nM and 1.21 nM, respectively, by emission measurement observed in the LYZ concentration range from 30 to 100 nM. It is important to note that the PL β-CD-CuNC strategy possessed great selectivity toward LYZ relative to other biomolecules. The proposed nanosensor was efficiently applied to determine the LYZ level in human serum sample average recoveries from 96.15 to 104.05% and relative standard deviation (RSD) values lower than 3.0%. Moreover, the proposed sensing system showed many advantages, including high speed, high sensitivity, high selectivity, low cost, and simple preparation.

溶菌酶（LYZ）传感器已引起人们的广泛关注，因为LYZ的快速灵敏检测对于与人类相关的各种疾病非常重要。在这项研究中，我们设计了升-半胱氨酸保护的超小型光致发光（PL）铜纳米簇（CuNCs）与β-环糊精（β-CD）偶联，可在室温下快速检测人血清样品中的LYZ。所提出的β-CD-CuNCs表现出优异的水溶性，超细尺寸，良好的分散性，光致发光和良好的光稳定性。β-CD-CuNCs分别在370 nm和492 nm处表现出最大的激发和发射，绝对量子产率（QY）为54.6％。β-CD-CuNCs的荧光寿命为12.7 ns。LYZ的添加将导致β-CD-CuNCs的PL猝灭。在30至100 nM的LYZ浓度范围内观察到的发射测量结果，裸眼的最低可检测LYZ浓度为50 nM，检测极限（LOD）和定量极限（LOQ）分别为0.36 nM和1.21 nM。 。重要的是要注意，相对于其他生物分子，PLβ-CD-CuNC策略对LYZ具有很大的选择性。所提出的纳米传感器可有效地用于测定人血清样品平均回收率中的LYZ水平，从96.15至104.05％，相对标准偏差（RSD）值低于3.0％。此外，所提出的感测系统具有许多优点，包括高速，高灵敏度，高选择性，低成本以及制备简单。