Abstract My geologic research began at Carleton College. I studied heavy minerals in some midcontinent orthoquartzites, publishing my very first paper in American Mineralogist in 1954. As a master’s candidate at the University of Minnesota, I investigated igneous differentiation in a diabase-granophyre sill of the Duluth Gabbro Complex. Later, in a Ph.D. program at Johns Hopkins University, I became Joe Boyd’s apprentice at the Geophysical Laboratory (GL), and for a time was phase-equilibrium god of the Na-amphiboles. Doctoral research earned me an offer of a UCLA assistant professorship as a mineralogist in 1960. There, I continued pursuing amphibole P-T stability relations in lab and field. My glaucophane phase equilibrium research would later be found to have instead crystallized Na-magnesiorichterite. However, amphibole research led me to map field occurrences of HP-LT (high P-low T) blueschists of the Franciscan Complex. Thus, when plate tectonics emerged in the late 1960s, I was deep in the subduction zone. My recent studies focused on the petrology and geochemistry of oceanic crustal rocks, Californian calc-alkaline arcs, and coesite ± microdiamond-bearing crustal margin rocks in various parts of Eurasia. Other works treated global mineral resources and population, mineralogy and human health, and early Earth petrotectonic evolution. I tried to work on important problems, but mainly studied topics that fired my interest. For the future, I see the existential challenge facing humanity and the biosphere as the imperative to stop our overdrafting of mineral resources. This will require reaching a dynamic equilibrium between the use and replenishment of near-surface resources (i.e., nutrients) essential for life. Earth scientists are planetary stewards, so we must lead the way forward in life-supporting mineral usage, recycling, substitution, and dematerialization. In any event, sustainable development will soon return to the Earth’s Critical Zone of life because Mother Nature—the ruling terrestrial economist—abhors long-term overdrafting of resources Recently, a series of profound calamities have overwhelmed the World—the coronavirus pandemic, disruption of the global economy, and near-universal condemnation of the widespread, systemic abrogation of human rights/racial justice. Comparable challenges have emerged episodically ever since the rise of civilization. Such problems have been addressed over the millennia with varying degrees of success. However, human efforts have never achieved dynamic environmental equilibrium between consumption of Earth resources and rates of recharge. Sustainable development remains our long-term, existential threat..

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美国矿物学家和美国矿物学会如何影响矿物学、岩石学和板块推动的职业生涯，以及对矿物学未来角色的思考

摘要 我的地质研究始于卡尔顿学院。我研究了一些大陆中部正石英岩中的重矿物，并于 1954 年在《美国矿物学家》上发表了我的第一篇论文。作为明尼苏达大学的硕士研究生，我研究了德卢斯辉长岩复合体的辉绿岩-花岗岩基岩中的火成岩分化。后来，在博士学位。在约翰霍普金斯大学的计划中，我成为了乔博伊德在地球物理实验室 (GL) 的学徒，并一度成为 Na-角闪石的相平衡神。1960 年，博士研究为我赢得了加州大学洛杉矶分校的矿物学家助理教授职位。在那里，我继续在实验室和现场研究闪石 PT 稳定性关系。后来发现我的蓝闪石相平衡研究反而结晶了 Na-magnesiorichterite。然而，闪石研究使我绘制了方济会复合体的 HP-LT（高 P-低 T）蓝片岩的实地分布图。因此，当板块构造在 1960 年代后期出现时，我处于俯冲带深处。我最近的研究集中在欧亚大陆不同地区的海洋地壳岩石、加利福尼亚钙碱性弧和柯石英±含微金刚石的地壳边缘岩石的岩石学和地球化学。其他作品涉及全球矿产资源和人口、矿物学和人类健康以及早期地球岩石构造演化。我试图解决重要的问题，但主要研究激发我兴趣的主题。对于未来，我认为人类和生物圈面临的生存挑战是阻止我们过度开采矿产资源的当务之急。这将需要在对生命至关重要的近地表资源（即养分）的使用和补充之间达到动态平衡。地球科学家是行星管理员，因此我们必须在支持生命的矿物使用、回收、替代和非物质化方面引领前进。无论如何，可持续发展将很快回到地球生命的关键地带，因为统治地球的经济学家大自然厌恶资源的长期透支。全球经济，以及对广泛、系统地废除人权/种族正义的近乎普遍的谴责。自从文明兴起以来，类似的挑战就时不时地出现了。几千年来，此类问题已得到不同程度的成功解决。然而，人类的努力从未在地球资源消耗和补给率之间实现动态环境平衡。可持续发展仍然是我们长期存在的威胁。