Abstract Thermal treatment is one of the most common processes in mineral modification, and this process has been applied to the modification of mineral waste material to improve its adsorption ability of methyl orange (MO) and lead (Pb) in this study. The properties of modified mineral waste material (MMWM) before and after thermal modification were characterized by using the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) N2 adsorption/desorption measurement, field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) coupled with energy-dispersive X‑ray (EDX), X‑ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Phase transformation was investigated related to the change in surface morphology and dehydroxylation that occurred in MMWM samples during the process of thermal treatment. To study adsorption performances of Pb and MO onto the newly modified MMWM, several experiments were carried out under different adsorption conditions and the results were determined using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) and UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The thermally treated MMWM samples showed morphological transformation and an increasing trend in BET specific surface area (SSA) up to 500 °C followed by a decreasing trend till 1000 °C. Thermal modification of MMWM successfully improved Pb adsorption from 349 to 515 mg/g, corresponding to the MMWM modified at 600 °C, and the methyl orange (MO) adsorption from 68 to 87.6 mg/g at 400 °C. The adsorptions of Pb and MO were mainly chemisorption and monolayer coverage, as the pseudo-second-order model and the Langmuir equation displayed good correlations for Pb and MO adsorption data.

中文翻译：

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热处理对改性矿物废料吸附剂的表征以优化其对铅和甲基橙的吸附

摘要 热处理是矿物改性中最常见的工艺之一，本研究将该工艺应用于矿物废料的改性，以提高其对甲基橙（MO）和铅（Pb）的吸附能力。使用Brunauer-Emmett-Teller（BET）N2吸附/解吸测量、场发射扫描电子显微镜（FESEM）结合能量色散X射线表征热改性前后改性矿物废料（MMWM）的性质(EDX)、X 射线衍射 (XRD) 和傅里叶变换红外光谱 (FTIR)。研究了与 MMWM 样品在热处理过程中发生的表面形态变化和脱羟基相关的相变。为了研究 Pb 和 MO 在新修饰的 MMWM 上的吸附性能，在不同的吸附条件下进行了多次实验，并使用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法 (ICP-OES) 和紫外-可见分光光度法测定结果。热处理后的 MMWM 样品显示出形态转变和 BET 比表面积 (SSA) 的增加趋势，直至 500 °C，然后在 1000 °C 之前呈下降趋势。MMWM 的热改性成功地将 Pb 吸附从 349 提高到 515 mg/g，对应于在 600 °C 下改性的 MMWM，以及在 400 °C 下甲基橙 (MO) 吸附从 68 到 87.6 mg/g。Pb和MO的吸附主要是化学吸附和单层覆盖，