A two-species predator–prey plankton model is studied, where the grazing pressure of microzooplankton on phytoplankton is controlled through external infochemical mediated predation. The system stability is analyzed in order to explain the conditions for phytoplankton bloom formation and to explore system bifurcations. The interplay between the level of infochemical-mediated external predation and the phytoplankton carrying capacity is considered over a range of parameter values and the resultant system dynamics is illustrated. The model is extended to include a spatial diffusion term leading to a reaction–diffusion system that is investigated by determining the Turing space of the model. Thereafter, the bifurcation analysis of specific time-independent patterns is explored. Through time integration, the system is also shown to exhibit the potential for temporally varying spatial patterns.

中文翻译：

---

信息化学介导的多营养浮游生物模型中的绽放形成和图灵模式

研究了两种捕食者-猎物浮游生物模型，其中微型浮游动物对浮游植物的放牧压力通过外部信息化学介导的捕食来控制。为了解释浮游植物水华形成的条件和探索系统分叉点，对系统稳定性进行了分析。在一系列参数值上考虑了信息化学介导的外部捕食水平与浮游植物承载能力之间的相互作用，并说明了由此产生的系统动力学。该模型被扩展为包括一个空间扩散项，该项导致通过确定模型的图灵空间来研究的反应-扩散系统。此后，探索了特定时间无关模式的分岔分析。通过时间整合，