This study presents a frequency scanning Fabry–Pérot cavity antenna with a single 2D varying partially reflecting surface (PRS) operating from 9.4 to 10.6 GHz. A probe-fed stacked rectangular patch antenna is applied as the primary source. A PRS consisting of 9 × 9 cells, whose sizes vary with azimuth, is mounted upon the source to modulate the phase efficiently. Due to the opposite correlations between scan angle and frequency in the forward and backward regions, phase distributions in the forward region are dominant in frequency scanning. The scan angle increases with frequency, as the negative correlation between the reflection phase of PRS and frequency. It is demonstrated that the beam angle is scanned from 11° to 35° with over 10 dBi gain and over 88% radiation efficiency within the band. The results in simulations and measurements validate the frequency scanning performance. It also provides the possibility that phase distributions in the forward region and the backward region could have the same weights in frequency scanning for better performances. Besides, without electronic/mechanical tuning, or PRS size varying, the proposed antenna is simple for design and operation.

中文翻译：

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具有单个二维变化部分反射面的频率扫描法布里-珀罗腔天线

这项研究提出了一种频率扫描Fabry-Pérot腔天线，该天线具有一个工作于9.4至10.6 GHz的单个2D变化的部分反射面（PRS）。探测馈电的堆叠矩形贴片天线被用作主要源。一个由9×9单元组成的PRS，其大小随方位角而变化，安装在源上以有效地调制相位。由于前向和后向区域中扫描角度与频率之间具有相反的相关性，因此前向区域中的相位分​​布在频率扫描中占主导地位。扫描角随频率增加，因为PRS的反射相位与频率之间呈负相关。结果表明，光束角从11°扫描到35°，增益超过10 dBi，频带内辐射效率超过88％。仿真和测量结果验证了频率扫描性能。它还提供了这样的可能性，即前向区域和后向区域中的相位分​​布在频率扫描中可以具有相同的权重，以实现更好的性能。此外，在不进行电子/机械调谐或PRS尺寸变化的情况下，所建议的天线设计和操作都很简单。