Impaired glucose utilization has been implicated in the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases. The neuroprotective effect of caffeic acid (CA) was investigated in the isolated rat brain by determining its ability to promote glucose uptake, mitigate redox imbalance, modulate purinergic and cholinergic activities, elemental distribution, and maintain tissue morphology. Isolated rat brains were incubated for 2 hours with glucose, CA and glucose, and metformin and glucose. There was an increased glucose uptake, glutathione level, superoxide dismutase, and catalase activities in brain tissues incubated with CA compared to the controls. Incubation with CA also led to significantly decreased levels of malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, and ATPase activities. Electron microscopy (scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy) analysis portrayed a maintenance of tissue ultrastructural morphology in 2CA‐incubated tissues as indicated by the intact synaptic vesicles, blood vessels, dendritic and neuronal network, mitochondria, and presynaptic membrane. CA also restored altered elemental levels in brain tissues. These results indicate the stimulatory potential of CA on brain glucose utilization with simultaneous neuroprotective activities.

中文翻译：

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咖啡酸可提高葡萄糖利用率，并维持组织的超微结构形态，同时调节与离体大鼠大脑神经退行性疾病有关的代谢活性。

葡萄糖利用受损与神经退行性疾病的病理生理有关。通过测定其促进葡萄糖摄取，减轻氧化还原失衡，调节嘌呤和胆碱能活动，元素分布以及维持组织形态的能力，研究了咖啡酸（CA）在离体大鼠大脑中的神经保护作用。将分离的大鼠脑与葡萄糖，CA和葡萄糖以及二甲双胍和葡萄糖一起孵育2小时。与对照组相比，用CA孵育的脑组织中的葡萄糖摄取，谷胱甘肽水平，超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶活性增加。与CA一起孵育还导致丙二醛，一氧化氮，乙酰胆碱酯酶，丁酰胆碱酯酶和ATP酶活性的水平显着降低。电子显微镜（扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜）分析描绘了在2CA孵育的组织中组织超微结构形态的维持，如完整的突触小泡，血管，树突和神经元网络，线粒体和突触前膜所示。CA还可以恢复脑组织中元素水平的变化。这些结果表明CA对脑葡萄糖利用具有同时的神经保护活性的刺激潜力。