Assessing the vulnerability of species to climate change serves as the basis for climate‐adaptation planning and climate‐smart conservation, and typically involves an evaluation of exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity (AC). AC is a species’ ability to cope with or adjust to changing climatic conditions, and is the least understood and most inconsistently applied of these three factors. We propose an attribute‐based framework for evaluating the AC of species, identifying two general classes of adaptive responses: “persist in place” and “shift in space”. Persist‐in‐place attributes enable species to survive in situ, whereas the shift‐in‐space response emphasizes attributes that facilitate tracking of suitable bioclimatic conditions. We provide guidance for assessing AC attributes and demonstrate the framework's application for species with disparate life histories. Results illustrate the broad utility of this generalized framework for informing adaptation planning and guiding species conservation in a rapidly changing climate.

中文翻译：

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坚持到位还是在空间上转移？评估物种对气候变化的适应能力

评估物种对气候变化的脆弱性是气候适应计划和气候智能保护的基础，并且通常涉及对暴露，敏感性和适应能力（AC）的评估。AC是一种物种应对或适应气候变化的能力，是这三个因素中被了解得最少，应用最不一致的地方。我们提出了一种基于属性的框架，用于评估物种的适应性，确定两类通用的适应性响应：“持续存在”和“空间转移”。持续存在属性使物种能够原位生存，而空间转移响应则强调了有助于追踪合适的生物气候条件的属性。我们提供评估AC属性的指南，并演示框架的 具有不同生活史的物种的申请。结果说明了这种通用框架在通知适应计划和指导快速变化的气候中保护物种方面的广泛用途。