Manifestation of neurological symptoms in certain patients of coronavirus disease‐2019 (COVID‐19) has warranted for their virus‐induced etiogenesis. SARS‐CoV‐2, the causative agent of COVID‐19, belongs to the genus of betacoronaviruses which also includes SARS‐CoV‐1 and MERS‐CoV; causative agents for severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in 2002 and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) in 2012, respectively. Studies demonstrating the neural invasion of SARS‐CoV‐2 in vivo are still scarce, although such characteristics of certain other betacoronaviruses are well demonstrated in the literature. Based on the recent evidence for the presence of SARS‐CoV‐2 host cell entry receptors in specific components of the human nervous and vascular tissue, a neural (olfactory and/or vagal), and a hematogenous—crossing the blood–brain barrier, routes have been proposed. The neurological symptoms in COVID‐19 may also arise as a consequence of the “cytokine storm” (characteristically present in severe disease) induced neuroinflammation, or co‐morbidities. There is also a possibility that, there may be multiple routes of SARS‐CoV‐2 entry into the brain, or multiple mechanisms can be involved in the pathogenesis of the neurological symptoms. In this review article, we have discussed the possible routes of SARS‐CoV‐2 brain entry based on the emerging evidence for this virus, and that available for other betacoronaviruses in literature.

中文翻译：

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SARS-CoV-2侵袭大脑的可能途径：在COVID-19患者的神经系统症状中。

在某些冠状病毒病2019（COVID-19）患者中表现出神经系统症状是由于病毒诱发的病因。SARS-CoV-2是COVID-19的病原体，属于β冠状病毒，其中还包括SARS-CoV-1和MERS-CoV。分别是2002年和2012年的严重急性呼吸综合征（SARS）和中东呼吸综合征（MERS）的病原体。证实SARS-CoV-2体内神经入侵的研究尽管某些其他β-冠状病毒的这种特征在文献中已得到充分证明，但仍然缺乏。根据最近的证据，在人类神经和血管组织，神经（嗅觉和/或迷走神经）和血源性穿越血脑屏障的特定成分中存在SARS-CoV-2宿主细胞进入受体，已经提出了路线。COVID-19中的神经系统症状也可能是由“细胞因子风暴”（特征性存在于严重疾病中）引起的神经炎症或合并症而引起的。也有可能SARS‐CoV‐2进入大脑有多种途径，或者多种机制可能涉及神经系统症状的发病机理。在这篇评论文章中，