Habitat distribution is critically informative for stock assessment, since incorporating its variabilities can have important implications for the estimation of stock biomass or the relative abundance index. A refined ecological niche model with habitat characteristic parameterization was developed to reconstitute a 3‐D ecological map of bigeye tuna in the Pacific Ocean. We determined the boundaries and hierarchies of oceanographic features and hydrological conditions at horizontal and vertical scales to define the habitat preference of bigeye tuna associated with their feeding and physiological requirements. Ecogeographic projections underlined the depth‐ and region‐specific habitat distribution of bigeye tuna, with noticeable dynamic variations in the response to climate variability. Depths from 300 to 400 m represented layers of the most productive habitat, which was widespread through the equatorial Pacific Ocean and extended to the north‐central Pacific Ocean. The proportion of high‐quality habitat size in the north Pacific had a strictly regular intra‐annual cycle with peaks during the winter. Climate variability appeared to disturb the balance of the regular fluctuations in habitat size in the equatorial Pacific. Habitat hotspots during an El Niño period were characterized by their expansion to the north of the Hawaiian islands, shrinkage in the west for the hotspot band north of the Equator, and an eastern shift for the band south of the Equator. This variability may be the consequence of the incorporated fluctuations of the oxygen minimum zones (OMZ), current systems, and stratification in the open ocean.

中文翻译：

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太平洋大眼金枪鱼栖息地的空间变异性：基于精细生态位模型的Hindcast

栖息地的分布对于种群评估至关重要，因为其变异性可能会对种群生物量或相对丰度指数的估计产生重要影响。开发了具有栖息地特征参数化功能的精细生态位模型，以重建太平洋大眼金枪鱼的3D生态图。我们在水平和垂直尺度上确定了海洋学特征和水文条件的边界和层次，以定义大眼金枪鱼的栖息地偏好以及它们的摄食和生理需求。生态地理预测突出了大眼金枪鱼的深度和区域特定栖息地分布，对气候变化的响应具有明显的动态变化。300至400 m的深度代表了生产力最高的生境层，该生境遍及赤道太平洋，并延伸至中北部太平洋。在北太平洋，高质量栖息地的比例具有严格的年内周期，并在冬季达到高峰。气候多变性似乎扰乱了赤道太平洋生境规模规则波动的平衡。厄尔尼诺时期的生境热点的特征是，它们向夏威夷群岛的北部扩展，赤道以北的热点带向西收缩，赤道以南的带向东偏移。这种可变性可能是由于氧气最小区域（OMZ），当前系统和公海分层引起的合并波动的结果。它遍及赤道太平洋，并延伸至中北部太平洋。在北太平洋，高质量栖息地的比例具有严格的年内周期，并在冬季达到高峰。气候多变性似乎扰乱了赤道太平洋生境规模规则波动的平衡。厄尔尼诺时期的生境热点的特征是，它们向夏威夷群岛的北部扩展，赤道以北的热点带向西收缩，赤道以南的带向东偏移。这种可变性可能是由于氧气最小区域（OMZ），当前系统和公海分层引起的合并波动的结果。它遍及赤道太平洋，并延伸至中北部太平洋。在北太平洋，高质量栖息地的比例具有严格的年内周期，并在冬季达到高峰。气候多变性似乎扰乱了赤道太平洋生境规模规则波动的平衡。厄尔尼诺时期的生境热点的特征是，它们向夏威夷群岛的北部扩展，赤道以北的热点带向西收缩，赤道以南的带向东偏移。这种可变性可能是由于氧气最小区域（OMZ），当前系统和公海分层引起的合并波动的结果。