The Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is one of the main causes of encephalitis in Asia, including Cambodia. An understanding of the interactions between JEV hosts and vectors (Diptera: Culicidae) remains rare in the context of expanding urbanization. The relative abundance, species diversity and population dynamics of potential JEV vectors were studied between August 2015 and July 2016 on a peri-urban and rural pig farm in Kandal province, Cambodia, where JEV is circulating. Five similar environments in the two farms were selected for mosquito trapping: pig farm, cattle house, river/canals, household/ponds and paddy fields. The main objective was to describe the distribution and the dynamics of the main JEV vector mosquito species. In total, 83,013 mosquitoes from 20 species were caught in rural and peri-urban areas, and 82.3% of the mosquitoes were potential JEV vector species. In peri-urban areas, Culex (Cx.) gelidus was the most abundant species, followed by Cx. vishnui subgroup and Cx. tritaeniorhynchus. In rural areas, the same species were dominant: Cx. vishnui subgroup, Cx. gelidus and Cx. tritaeniorhynchus. The vast majority of mosquitoes (95.9%) were collected in close proximity to pigs and cattle. In conclusion, JEV vectors were present at all study sites and throughout all months of the year, supporting a continuous circulation of JEV in Cambodia.

日本脑炎病毒（JEV）是亚洲（包括柬埔寨）脑炎的主要原因之一。在扩大城市化的背景下，对JEV宿主与媒介之间的相互作用（双翅目：)科）的了解仍然很少。在2015年8月至2016年7月期间，在JEV流通的柬埔寨坎达尔省的郊区和农村养猪场研究了潜在JEV载体的相对丰度，物种多样性和种群动态。在这两个农场中选择了五个类似的环境来诱捕蚊子：养猪场，牛舍，河流/运河，家庭/池塘和稻田。主要目的是描述主要的JEV媒介蚊子的分布和动态。在农村和农村地区，总共捕获了来自20个物种的83,013个蚊子在城市周边地区，有82.3％的蚊子是潜在的JEV媒介物种。在城市周边地区，库蚊（Clex。gelidus）是最丰富的物种，其次是Cx。vishnui子组和Cx。Tritaeniorhynchus。在农村地区，相同物种占主导地位：Cx。维什努伊亚组Cx。明胶和Cx。Tritaeniorhynchus。绝大多数蚊子（95.9％）被收集在靠近猪和牛的地方。总之，在全年的所有月份中，所有研究地点均存在JEV载体，这支持JEV在柬埔寨的持续流通。