One-dimensional (1D) granular systems support solitary wave propagation; however, solitary wave tuning, which serves as an effective strategy in stress wave control to achieve highly intelligent and efficient wave attenuation, still lacks. Herein, we design a 1D cylindrical granular system and comprehensively investigate solitary wave tuning strategies based on the system through mass, modulus, and thickness mismatch. We establish the experiment setups by using a vertical sliding track to observe the basic solitary wave traveling behavior as well as to validate the numerical simulation model. By considering the three governing wave tuning strategies, i.e., mass, modulus, and thickness mismatch, we parametrically explore the relations between the compression ratio and the mismatch values of different indicators. Based on the simple single-layer 1D chain, we further design a multi-layered 1D chain where the middle layers serve as tuning layers such that both “strong–weak” and “weak–strong” interfaces are created. A full tuning range is obtained by coupling different strategies based on the multilayer granular chains. Particularly, for a single layer granular chain, a mechanism map is established based on a normalized Ashby plot and numerical results of compression ratios, providing insights into precisely designing new attenuation systems. Results unlock the unique solitary wave tuning mechanism and provide design guidance for next-generation signal measurement, detection, and monitoring system.

一维（1D）颗粒系统支持孤立波传播；但是，仍然缺乏作为应力波控制中实现高度智能和高效波衰减的有效策略的孤立波调谐。本文中，我们设计了一维圆柱状颗粒系统，并通过质量，模量和厚度不匹配全面研究基于该系统的孤立波调谐策略。我们通过使用垂直滑动轨道来观察基本的孤立波传播行为并验证数值模拟模型来建立实验装置。通过考虑三种控制波调谐策略，即质量，模量和厚度不匹配，我们从参数上探索了压缩率与不同指标的不匹配值之间的关系。基于简单的单层1D链，我们进一步设计了多层1D链，其中中间层用作调整层，从而创建了“强-弱”和“弱-强”接口。通过基于多层颗粒链的不同策略耦合，可以获得完整的调整范围。特别地，对于单层颗粒链，基于归一化的Ashby图和压缩比的数值结果建立机理图，从而为精确设计新的衰减系统提供了见识。结果解锁了独特的孤立波调谐机制，并为下一代信号测量，检测和监视系统提供了设计指导。我们进一步设计了多层一维链，其中中间层用作调整层，从而创建了“强-弱”和“弱-强”接口。通过基于多层颗粒链的不同策略耦合，可以获得完整的调整范围。特别地，对于单层颗粒链，基于归一化的Ashby图和压缩比的数值结果建立机理图，从而为精确设计新的衰减系统提供了见识。结果解锁了独特的孤立波调谐机制，并为下一代信号测量，检测和监视系统提供了设计指导。我们进一步设计了多层一维链，其中中间层用作调整层，从而创建了“强-弱”和“弱-强”接口。通过基于多层颗粒链的不同策略耦合，可以获得完整的调整范围。特别地，对于单层颗粒链，基于归一化的Ashby图和压缩比的数值结果建立机理图，从而为精确设计新的衰减系统提供了见识。结果解锁了独特的孤立波调谐机制，并为下一代信号测量，检测和监视系统提供了设计指导。基于归一化的Ashby图和压缩比的数值结果建立了机制图，从而为精确设计新的衰减系统提供了见识。结果解锁了独特的孤立波调谐机制，并为下一代信号测量，检测和监视系统提供了设计指导。基于归一化的Ashby图和压缩比的数值结果建立了机制图，从而为精确设计新的衰减系统提供了见识。结果解锁了独特的孤立波调谐机制，并为下一代信号测量，检测和监视系统提供了设计指导。