Modeling transient flow conditions in water distribution networks (WDNs) has shown increasing usability for various applications, including burst and leak detection, sensor placement, model calibration, and risk assessment. To facilitate the integration of transient modeling in these simulation-based applications, this work contributes a new open source Python package for Transient Simulations in water Networks (TSNet). TSNet adopts the Method of Characteristics (MOC) for solving the system of partial differential equations governing the unsteady hydraulics. It allows users to simulate various conditions including operational changes in valves and pumps, as well as background leaks and pipe bursts. In this paper, the TSNet modeling framework is presented and a case study is used to showcase its capabilities of simulating WDN responses to valve closure, pump shut-off, leaks, and bursts with and without a surge protection tank. Results show that valve closure, pump shut-off, and pipe burst can generate significant transients in the WDN, while background leaks can help damp the transients to some extent.

在水分配网络（WDN）中对瞬态流动条件进行建模已显示出对各种应用的可用性不断提高，包括爆破和泄漏检测，传感器放置，模型校准和风险评估。为了促进将瞬态建模集成到这些基于仿真的应用程序中，这项工作为水网络中的瞬态仿真提供了一个新的开源Python程序包（TSNet）。TSNet采用特征方法（MOC）来求解控制非定常水力的偏微分方程组。它允许用户模拟各种条件，包括阀门和泵的操作变化以及背景泄漏和管道破裂。在本文中，介绍了TSNet建模框架，并通过案例研究来展示其模拟WDN对带有或不带有浪涌保护箱的阀门关闭，泵关闭，泄漏和爆裂的响应的能力。结果表明，阀门关闭，泵关闭和管道爆裂可在WDN中产生明显的瞬变，而背景泄漏可在某种程度上抑制瞬变。