Abstract

The analysis of interannual changes in climatic parameters for the Caspian Sea over the period of 1900–2015 revealed their links to the Atlantic and Pacific oceans. For example, a dramatic Caspian Sea level decrease in the 1930s may be connected with the strengthening of eastern wind in the region caused by the weakening of the North Atlantic influence on the timescales of about eight years. As is known, this led to the precipitation reduction in the Caspian Sea catchment. At the same time, the influence of the Pacific Ocean on the Caspian Sea parameters on the quasi-twenty-year scale has increased since the 1930s. The opposite process occurred from the late 1970s till the middle of the 1990s: the impact of the North Atlantic increased and that of the Pacific Ocean decreased, thus causing the positive anomalies of western wind and in the sea level rise. In the second half of the 1990s, there was a rapid rise in average air temperature in the Caspian Sea region. However, since the late 1990s, the North Atlantic influence on the Caspian region has weakened, that led to the Caspian Sea level drop and to the slowdown of air temperature rise.

中文翻译：

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里海气候变化与大西洋和太平洋的联系

摘要

对1900-2015年里海气候参数的年际变化进行的分析显示，它们与大西洋和太平洋有关。例如，在1930年代里海急剧下降的原因可能与该地区东部风的增强有关，这是由于北大西洋对约8年时间尺度的影响减弱所致。众所周知，这导致里海流域的降水减少。同时，自1930年代以来，太平洋对里海参数的准二十年尺度影响增加了。从1970年代后期到1990年代中期发生了相反的过程：北大西洋的影响增加而太平洋的影响减小，从而引起西风和海平面上升的正异常。在1990年代下半叶，里海地区的平均气温迅速上升。但是，自1990年代后期以来，北大西洋对里海地区的影响减弱了，这导致里海海平面下降和气温上升速度减慢。