Abstract —The round-the-day effect of solar radiation on photoreceptors of the retina of the eye and its role in the control of the circadian rhythm of the human body within an arbitrary 11-year cycle of solar activity are considered. Processed data describing the variation of the spectral and energy characteristics of solar radiation that reach the Earth’s surface over a solar activity cycle are given. On this basis, a generalized analytical expression has been obtained that models the spectrally selective processing of the sum of the direct and diffuse components of solar radiation by retinal rods and blue-sensitive (S type) cones. The obtained expression allows consideration of separate spectrally selective processing of the direct and diffuse components of solar radiation by rods and S cones of retina, including the case of a catastrophic lesion of one of the neuronal paths that connect rods or S cones with suprachiasmatic hypothalamus nuclei. It is shown that the effective spectrum obtained as a result of spectral selection of the components of solar radiation that is used to control the circadian activity of the human body is determined solely by the spectral sensitivity of rods and S cones. The effective spectrum does not depend on daily variations in the spectrum of solar radiation as the angular elevation of the Sun varies; the daily energy characteristics of the effective spectrum, which vary within each solar activity cycle, retain their dependence on the Sun’s elevation in the daytime and on the current phase of the solar activity cycle. Significant changes in the characteristics of solar radiation within the cycle of solar activity infer that it is necessary to take them into account in studying and modeling the control processes of human circadian activity driven by solar radiation.

中文翻译：

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在整个 11 年的太阳活动周期中控制人体昼夜节律的视网膜光感受器对太阳辐射的光谱选择性转换

摘要 — 考虑了太阳辐射对眼睛视网膜光感受器的昼夜效应及其在任意 11 年太阳活动周期内控制人体昼夜节律的作用。给出了描述在太阳活动周期内到达地球表面的太阳辐射的光谱和能量特性变化的处理数据。在此基础上，获得了一个广义的解析表达式，该表达式对视网膜杆和蓝色敏感（S 型）锥体对太阳辐射的直接和漫射分量之和的光谱选择性处理进行建模。获得的表达式允许考虑由视网膜的杆和 S 锥体对太阳辐射的直接和漫射分量进行单独的光谱选择性处理，包括将视杆或 S 锥体与视交叉上的下丘脑核连接的神经元通路之一发生灾难性病变的情况。结果表明，通过对用于控制人体昼夜节律活动的太阳辐射成分进行光谱选择而获得的有效光谱仅由杆状和 S 锥体的光谱灵敏度决定。有效光谱不依赖于太阳辐射光谱的每日变化，因为太阳的角高度会发生变化；有效光谱的每日能量特性在每个太阳活动周期内变化，它们仍然依赖于白天的太阳高度和太阳活动周期的当前阶段。