Technological change and policy support have heightened expectations for the role of energy storage in power systems, creating a need to enhance representations of energy storage in long-term models to inform decision-making. Energy storage technologies have complex and diverse cost, value, and performance characteristics that make them challenging to model, but there is limited guidance about best practices and research gaps for energy storage analysis. This paper reviews the literature and draws upon our collective experience to provide recommendations to analysts on approaches for representing energy storage in long-term electric sector models, navigating tradeoffs in model development, and identifying research gaps for existing tools and data. The review focuses on national-scale models with technological, temporal, and regional detail given their prevalence in planning and policy, though many insights are transferable to other modeling contexts. It also offers guidance to c...

中文翻译：

---

长期系统模型中的能量存储：对注意事项，最佳实践和研究需求的评论

技术变革和政策支持对储能在电力系统中的作用提出了更高的期望，因此有必要在长期模型中增强储能的表示，以为决策提供依据。储能技术具有复杂多样的成本，价值和性能特征，使其难以建模，但有关储能分析的最佳实践和研究空白的指导有限。本文回顾了文献并借鉴了我们的集体经验，为分析师提供了有关在长期电力部门模型中表示能量存储，在模型开发中权衡取舍以及确定现有工具和数据的研究差距的方法的建议。审查重点是具有技术，时间，尽管许多见解可以转移到其他建模环境，但由于它们在计划和政策中的普遍性，因此区域和区域的详细信息也很丰富。它还提供了指导。