Proinflammatory cytokines are signaling molecules that are expelled from immune cells like macrophages and other types of cells. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is overexpressed during inflammation caused by inflammatory diseases. Therefore, the regulation of TNF-α has a key role in inflammation. The use and target delivery of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) provide many effectual treatment benefits in the regulation of gene expression in cells. In this study, we used siRNA nanoparticle conjugates in the regulation of gene expression and inflammation. We first prepared safe fusion ribonucleic acid interference carrier, spherical nucleic acid nanoparticle conjugates (SNA-NCs), to enhance the perforation of siRNA into the macrophages and their ability to target TNF-α gene regulation. Furthermore, the suppression of the TNF-α gene was monitored after curing macrophages by SNA-NCs. Gene expression was carried out by real-time polymerase chain reaction in cells and the levels of TNF-α were investigated by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. This study indicated that the SNA-NCs were safe and very stable. TNF-α siRNA could significantly regulate gene expression in cells to form SNA-NCs. The results indicated that TNF-α gene expression downregulated to 93.40% ± 1.45%, 66.06% ± 0.95%, and 35.76% ± 1.09% in the presence of 0.1, 1, and 10 nM siRNA, respectively. The proliferation of macrophages and subsequently expression of TNF-α were significant for the formation of inflammation. These findings showed that the use of SNA-NC siRNA might ameliorate the inflammatory disease by suppression of gene expression and functional activity of macrophage generation.

中文翻译：

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球形金纳米颗粒：调节肿瘤坏死因子-α 基因表达的小干扰 RNA 递送。

促炎细胞因子是从巨噬细胞和其他类型细胞等免疫细胞中排出的信号分子。肿瘤坏死因子-α (TNF-α) 在炎症性疾病引起的炎症期间过度表达。因此，TNF-α的调节在炎症中具有关键作用。小干扰 RNA (siRNA) 的使用和靶向递送在调节细胞基因表达方面提供了许多有效的治疗益处。在这项研究中，我们使用 siRNA 纳米颗粒缀合物来调节基因表达和炎症。我们首先制备了安全的融合核糖核酸干扰载体，球形核酸纳米颗粒缀合物（SNA-NCs），以增强siRNA进入巨噬细胞的穿孔及其靶向TNF-α基因调控的能力。此外，在通过 SNA-NCs 治愈巨噬细胞后监测 TNF-α 基因的抑制。通过实时聚合酶链反应在细胞中进行基因表达，并通过酶联免疫吸附测定 (ELISA) 方法研究 TNF-α 的水平。该研究表明 SNA-NC 是安全且非常稳定的。TNF-α siRNA 可以显着调节细胞中的基因表达以形成 SNA-NC。结果表明，在 0.1、1 和 10 nM siRNA 存在下，TNF-α 基因表达分别下调至 93.40% ± 1.45%、66.06% ± 0.95% 和 35.76% ± 1.09%。巨噬细胞的增殖和随后 TNF-α 的表达对于炎症的形成具有重要意义。