Today, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are candidates for various autoimmune disease treatments due to immunomodulatory activity in these cells. Much research has recently been done to improve the immunomodulatory activity of MSCs. Genetic variation is one of these methods. microRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that control most of the cell's biological activities. Recent studies have shown that miRNAs play a significant role in the regulation of MSC immunomodulatory activity. Pomegranate is a fruit that has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties and has been used for many years for therapeutic purposes. The objective of this research is to evaluate the immunoregulatory-related miRNAs level of adipose-derived MSCs (Ad-MSCs) obtained from adipose tissue in the presence or lack of pomegranate (Punica granatum) extract (PGE). Our results showed that miRNA-23 and miRNA-126 were upregulated by PGE treatment in MSCs, and in contrast, miRNA-21 and miRNA-155 were downregulated by PGE treatment in MSCs. In addition this research shows that PGE can downregulate the expression of PI3K\AKT1\NF-B in Ad-MSCs. Our bioinformatics data have shown that the target of these four miRNAs and the signaling pathways, in which these targets are involved, can play an important role in regulating the immunomodulation function of stem cells. In conclusion, PGE can inhibit the expression of PI3K\AKT1\NF-B genes involved in inflammatory pathways via miRNA-23 and miRNA-126 overexpression or miRNA-21 and miRNA-155 downregulation that plays a role in the pathways of immune modulation in Ad-MSCs. These results may provide insight into the mechanism underlying the regulation of the immunomodulatory activity of Ad-MSCs by PGE.

中文翻译：

---

石榴提取物通过调控MicroRNA-155，MicroRNA-21，MicroRNA-23b，MicroRNA-126a和PI3K \ AKT1 \ NF- [公式：参见文本] B表达来调节间充质干细胞。

如今，由于间充质干细胞（MSC）的免疫调节活性，它们已成为各种自身免疫疾病治疗的候选药物。最近已经进行了许多研究来改善MSC的免疫调节活性。遗传变异是这些方法之一。microRNA（miRNA）是控制细胞大部分生物活性的小型非编码RNA。最近的研究表明，miRNA在MSC免疫调节活性的调节中起着重要作用。石榴是一种具有抗氧化，抗炎和抗癌特性的水果，已被用于治疗目的多年。这项研究的目的是评估在有或没有石榴的情况下从脂肪组织获得的脂肪来源的MSC（Ad-MSC）的免疫调节相关miRNA水平。石榴）提取物（PGE）。我们的结果表明，MSC中PGE处理可上调miRNA-23和miRNA-126，而MSC中PGE处理可下调miRNA-21和miRNA-155。此外，这项研究表明PGE可以下调PI3K \ AKT1 \ NF-的表达Ad-MSC中的B。我们的生物信息学数据表明，这四个miRNA的靶标和涉及这些靶标的信号通路在调节干细胞的免疫调节功能中可以发挥重要作用。总之，PGE可以抑制PI3K \ AKT1 \ NF-的表达通过miRNA-23和miRNA-126过表达或miRNA-21和miRNA-155下调参与炎症途径的B基因在Ad-MSC的免疫调节途径中起作用。这些结果可以提供对通过PGE调节Ad-MSC的免疫调节活性的潜在机制的了解。