The split Hopkinson bar (SHB) has been widely used for testing the dynamic mechanical behavior of materials. However, it is hard to involve complex stress conditions in traditional SHB due to its intrinsic characteristics. The Electromagnetic Hopkinson bar (E-Hopkinson bar) has been recently proposed as a solution. Different from the traditional SHB, the stress pulse of the E-Hopkinson bar is generated directly by the electromagnetic force. Therefore, the stress pulse that loads the specimen can be accurately controlled. With this advantage, some experiments that cannot be done with traditional SHB can be conducted by the E-Hopkinson bar technique. In this review, we introduced briefly the basic principles of the E-Hopkinson bar. Some lasted tests, such as symmetrically dynamic compression/tension of materials, interlaminar fracture of composites, dynamic Bauschinger effect of metals, intermediate strain rate tests, and dynamic multi-axial tests were also introduced. This new technique will be helpful for those researchers in the field of solid mechanics, especially when the strain rate and complex stress condition are involved.

中文翻译：

---

电磁霍普金森棒：一种强大的科学仪器，用于研究材料在高应变率下的机械行为

分裂式霍普金森杆 (SHB) 已广泛用于测试材料的动态力学行为。然而，传统SHB由于其固有特性，很难涉及复杂的应力条件。电磁霍普金森杆（E-Hopkinson 杆）最近被提出作为一种解决方案。与传统的 SHB 不同，E-Hopkinson 杆的应力脉冲是由电磁力直接产生的。因此，加载试样的应力脉冲可以精确控制。凭借这一优势，一些传统 SHB 无法完成的实验可以通过 E-Hopkinson 杆技术进行。在这篇综述中，我们简要介绍了 E-Hopkinson 杆的基本原理。一些持续的测试，例如材料的对称动态压缩/拉伸，复合材料的层间断裂，还介绍了金属的动态包辛格效应、中间应变率测试和动态多轴测试。这项新技术将有助于固体力学领域的研究人员，尤其是在涉及应变率和复杂应力条件时。