To evaluate the performance of parabolic trough solar collectors (PTCs) and flat plate solar collectors (FPCs) by different thermal utilization methods, including building cooling, heating, and hot water supply, this study adopted the indices of the primary energy ratio (PER) and unit cost of energy (UCE) and the operating ratio to compare the applicability of collector systems. First, the heat transfer models of FPCs and PTCs were constructed by a lumped parameter method and validated by experiments. Then, the performance of collectors and the operating modes of different thermal utilization methods were obtained. Finally, by inputting the meteorological parameters of Tianjin, the following conclusions can be drawn. (1) The evaluation indices of UCE and PER were consistent when evaluating different collector systems. The FPC system was more appropriate for hot water supply and heating, and the PTC system was more suitable for cooling and heating and cooling. (2) The hot water supply had the best energy saving and was economical compared to other solar thermal utilization methods with FPC and PTC systems, as its UCE was 0.19 RMB/kW h and 0.28 RMB/kW h and PER was 1.38 and 1.17, respectively. (3) The operating ratio of both the hot water supply and cooling was higher than 50% in both collector systems. The heating system had the lowest operating ratio, less than 40%, which was related to its load characteristics.

中文翻译：

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不同太阳能集热器在建筑制冷、供暖和热水供应中的性能评估

为了评估抛物线槽式太阳能集热器 (PTC) 和平板太阳能集热器 (FPC) 在不同热利用方式下的性能，包括建筑制冷、供暖和热水供应，本研究采用了一次能源比 (PER) 指标。和单位能源成本 (UCE) 和运行比率来比较收集器系统的适用性。首先，FPCs和PTCs的传热模型是通过集总参数方法构建的，并通过实验验证。然后，获得了集热器的性能和不同热利用方法的运行模式。最后，通过输入天津市的气象参数，可以得出以下结论。(1) 评价不同收集器系统时UCE和PER的评价指标是一致的。FPC系统更适合供热水供暖，PTC系统更适合供冷供暖。(2) 热水供应与FPC和PTC系统的其他太阳能热利用方式相比，节能效果最好，经济性好，UCE分别为0.19元/kW·h和0.28元/kW·h，PER分别为1.38和1.17，分别。(3) 两种集热器系统供热水和供冷的运行率均高于50%。供热系统运行率最低，低于40%，这与其负荷特性有关。(2) 热水供应与FPC和PTC系统的其他太阳能热利用方式相比，节能效果最好，经济性好，UCE分别为0.19元/kW·h和0.28元/kW·h，PER分别为1.38和1.17，分别。(3) 两种集热器系统供热水和供冷的运行率均高于50%。供热系统运行率最低，低于40%，这与其负荷特性有关。(2) 热水供应与FPC和PTC系统的其他太阳能热利用方式相比，节能效果最好，经济性好，UCE分别为0.19元/kW·h和0.28元/kW·h，PER分别为1.38和1.17，分别。(3) 两种集热器系统供热水和供冷的运行率均高于50%。供热系统运行率最低，低于40%，这与其负荷特性有关。