The future of energy systems is currently driven by three key trends: electrification, decarbonization, and digitalization. A growing share of renewable generation is without doubt part of the solution to accommodate the increasing electricity demand with a low-carbon emission constraint. The question addressed in this review paper is to what extent digitalization will enable the decentralization of renewable energy generation close to the point of consumption. Digital technologies, namely, Big Data, Artificial Intelligence, IoT, and Distributed Ledgers, will have a positive impact on renewable Distributed Energy Resources adoption by contributing to achieve a better balance between supply and demand at the edge of the grid and by improving the hosting capacity of distribution networks. However, decentralized energy production is still limited by structural factors (e.g., low power density of renewable resources, economies of scale in renewable generation and storage), regulatory factors (e.g., access to the grid, pricing policy), and digital technology constraints (e.g., limited number of transaction per second). As a result, the likely scenario of development is a reasonable mix between decentralized and (also digital enabled) centralized renewable-based energy generation interconnected together with an engaged customer and highly developed and smarter distribution and transmission networks.

中文翻译：

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数字技术对分布式能源资源整合的使能影响

能源系统的未来目前由三个关键趋势驱动：电气化、脱碳和数字化。毫无疑问，越来越多的可再生能源发电是在低碳排放约束下满足不断增长的电力需求的解决方案的一部分。本评论论文中解决的问题是，数字化将在多大程度上实现接近消费点的可再生能源发电的分散化。数字技术，即大数据、人工智能、物联网和分布式账本，将对可再生分布式能源的采用产生积极影响，有助于在电网边缘实现更好的供需平衡，并通过改进托管配电网络容量。然而，分散式能源生产仍然受到结构性因素（例如，可再生资源的低功率密度、可再生能源发电和存储的规模经济）、监管因素（例如，接入电网、定价政策）和数字技术约束（例如，每秒有限的交易次数）。因此，可能的发展场景是分散式和（也支持数字化）集中式可再生能源发电之间的合理组合，与参与的客户以及高度发达和更智能的配电和传输网络互连在一起。每秒有限的交易次数）。因此，可能的发展场景是分散式和（也支持数字化的）集中式可再生能源发电之间的合理组合，与参与的客户以及高度发达和更智能的配电和传输网络互连在一起。每秒有限的交易次数）。因此，可能的发展场景是分散式和（也支持数字化）集中式可再生能源发电之间的合理组合，与参与的客户以及高度发达和更智能的配电和传输网络互连在一起。