Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a sensitive optical technique capable of rapid multielemental analysis. The development of this technique for elemental analysis in traditional Chinese medicine can eventually revolutionize the pharmaceutical industry. The detection and identification of real and fake elements in traditional Chinese medicine is very important, and saffron is a typical representative. In this study, the in situ detection of the elements and exogenous heavy metals in saffron is performed by LIBS. To test the identification ability of the model combined with LIBS and principal component analysis, three samples (saffron, radish, and corn silk) were used as target materials. Observable characteristic lines in spectra of saffron include Ca, Fe, Mg, Al, Mn, Sr, Ba, Ti, Na, K, P, and Si. The observed spectral lines of H, O, and N are mainly affected by the air composition, while the CN molecular bands also exist. In the air pollutant sedimentation simulation, the intensity of Cu and Pb as exogenous elements in the spectrum is proportional to the concentration of the solution used for contamination. Saffron and adulterants can be separated in the scoring chart. Besides, with the increase in the cardinal number of variables, the resolution effect is more and more obvious. In general, LIBS has good discrimination ability while performing a rapid synchronous analysis of elements. The result has proved that LIBS is a powerful tool in the research of traditional Chinese medicine.

中文翻译：

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藏红花在线原位检测与快速鉴别

激光诱导击穿光谱 (LIBS) 是一种灵敏的光学技术，能够进行快速多元素分析。这种用于中药元素分析的技术的发展最终可以彻底改变制药行业。中药中真假元素的检测和鉴别非常重要，藏红花就是一个典型代表。本研究采用LIBS对藏红花中的元素和外源重金属进行原位检测。为了测试该模型结合LIBS和主成分分析的识别能力，以藏红花、萝卜和玉米须三个样品为目标材料。藏红花光谱中可观察到的特征谱线包括 Ca、Fe、Mg、Al、Mn、Sr、Ba、Ti、Na、K、P 和 Si。观察到的 H、O、和 N 主要受空气成分的影响，而 CN 分子带也存在。在空气污染物沉降模拟中，光谱中作为外源元素的 Cu 和 Pb 的强度与用于污染的溶液的浓度成正比。藏红花和掺杂物可以在评分表中分开。此外，随着变量基数的增加，分解效果越来越明显。总的来说，LIBS在对元素进行快速同步分析的同时具有良好的判别能力。结果证明LIBS是中医药研究的有力工具。光谱中作为外源元素的 Cu 和 Pb 的强度与用于污染的溶液的浓度成正比。藏红花和掺杂物可以在评分表中分开。此外，随着变量基数的增加，分解效果越来越明显。总的来说，LIBS在对元素进行快速同步分析的同时具有良好的判别能力。结果证明LIBS是中医药研究的有力工具。光谱中作为外源元素的 Cu 和 Pb 的强度与用于污染的溶液的浓度成正比。藏红花和掺杂物可以在评分表中分开。此外，随着变量基数的增加，分解效果越来越明显。总的来说，LIBS在对元素进行快速同步分析的同时具有良好的判别能力。结果证明LIBS是中医药研究的有力工具。LIBS 在对元素进行快速同步分析的同时具有良好的判别能力。结果证明LIBS是中医药研究的有力工具。LIBS 在对元素进行快速同步分析的同时具有良好的判别能力。结果证明LIBS是中医药研究的有力工具。