Electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is an electrokinetic method that allows for the characterization of intrinsic dielectric properties of cells. EIS has emerged in the last decade as a promising method for the characterization of cancerous cells, providing information on inductance, capacitance, and impedance of cells. The individual cell behavior can be quantified using its characteristic phase angle, amplitude, and frequency measurements obtained by fitting the input frequency-dependent cellular response to a resistor–capacitor circuit model. These electrical properties will provide important information about unique biomarkers related to the behavior of these cancerous cells, especially monitoring their chemoresistivity and sensitivity to chemotherapeutics. There are currently few methods to assess drug resistant cancer cells, and therefore it is difficult to identify and eliminate drug-resistant cancer cells found in static and metastatic tumors. Establishing techniques for the real-time monitoring of changes in cancer cell phenotypes is, therefore, important for understanding cancer cell dynamics and their plastic properties. EIS can be used to monitor these changes. In this review, we will cover the theory behind EIS, other impedance techniques, and how EIS can be used to monitor cell behavior and phenotype changes within cancerous cells.

中文翻译：

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用于监测癌细胞化疗耐药性的电阻抗光谱。


电阻抗光谱 (EIS) 是一种电动方法，可以表征细胞的固有介电特性。 EIS 在过去十年中成为一种很有前景的癌细胞表征方法，可提供有关细胞的电感、电容和阻抗的信息。可以使用其特征相角、幅度和频率测量值来量化单个细胞的行为，这些测量值是通过将输入频率相关的细胞响应拟合到电阻电容电路模型而获得的。这些电特性将提供有关与这些癌细胞行为相关的独特生物标志物的重要信息，特别是监测它们的化疗耐药性和对化疗药物的敏感性。目前评估耐药癌细胞的方法很少，因此很难识别和消除静态和转移性肿瘤中发现的耐药癌细胞。因此，建立实时监测癌细胞表型变化的技术对于了解癌细胞动力学及其可塑性非常重要。 EIS 可用于监控这些变化。在这篇综述中，我们将介绍 EIS 背后的理论、其他阻抗技术，以及如何使用 EIS 监测癌细胞内的细胞行为和表型变化。