Abstract

Solid food industry waste like watermelon seed is an excellent source of value-added components such as proteins, oil, and carbohydrate. In the present study, protein extraction was carried out using microwave energy from defatted watermelon seeds (DWS), containing 50% of proteins. Microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) was optimized with different parameters, namely, solid to solvent ratio (1:10–1:40), pH (7–10), microwave power (30 W, 50 W, 70 W), extraction time (30 s–8 min) and moisture content or pre-leaching effect. Maximum protein recovery was achieved with 50 W microwave power, solid to solvent ration of 1:30, and pH 10 in 2 minutes of microwave irradiation time. MAE gave higher yield in less time compared to conventional extraction. SDS-PAGE confirmed the molecular weight of watermelon seed proteins (WSP) in the range of 25–250 kDa. A comparative study showed 90% protein recovery with MAE in 2 min with 1:30 (w/v) solid to solvent ratio, whereas ultrasound gave 87% in 9 min with 1:50 (w/v) ratio and batch 72% in 25 min with 1:70 (w/v) ratio. Watermelon seed proteins obtained from MAE method possess excellent functional properties with reference to conventional extraction method indicating its application in food products.

抽象的

诸如西瓜籽之类的固体食品工业废物是诸如蛋白质，油脂和碳水化合物等增值成分的极佳来源。在本研究中，蛋白质的提取是利用微波能量从含有50％蛋白质的脱脂西瓜种子（DWS）中提取的。微波辅助萃取（MAE）使用不同的参数进行了优化，即固液比（1：10-1：40），pH（7-10），微波功率（30 W，50 W，70 W），萃取时间（30 s–8分钟）和水分含量或预浸效果。在微波辐射时间2分钟内，使用50 W微波功率，固体对溶剂的比例为1：30，pH为10可获得最大的蛋白质回收率。与常规提取相比，MAE在较短的时间内提供了更高的产量。SDS-PAGE证实了西瓜种子蛋白（WSP）的分子量在25–250 kDa的范围内。一项比较研究表明，MAE在2分钟内以1:30（w / v）的固溶比回收90％的蛋白质，而超声在9分钟内以1:50（w / v）的比率回收了87％，而批次在72分钟内的回收率为72％。 25分钟，以1:70（w / v）比率进行。MAE法制得的西瓜种子蛋白具有优良的功能特性，相对于传统的提取方法，表明其在食品中的应用。