Climate is a strong determinant of tropical forest productivity; therefore, it is often assumed that Amazonian forest growing on the same local rainfall regime responds similarly to fluctuations in rainfall, independently of soil differences among them. We evaluated intra‐ and inter‐annual variation of net primary productivity (NPP) components, and forest dynamics during 2004–2012 yr in five forests on clay, clay‐loam, sandy‐clay‐loam, sandy‐loam and loamy‐sand soils, and the same local rainfall regime in northwestern Amazonia (Colombia). The questions were as follows: (1) Do NPP components and forest dynamics respond synchronously to temporal rainfall fluctuations? (2) Are the responses between above and belowground components and forest dynamics similar for different forest stands? A slight and complex synchronicity among different NPP components in their response to temporal rainfall fluctuations were found; few plots showed that aboveground biomass (AGB) and stem growth were susceptible to rainfall fluctuations, while belowground components (fine roots) showed correlation with one‐month lagged rainfall. Furthermore, despite that northwestern Amazonia is considered relatively aseasonal, litterfall showed high seasonality in the loam‐soil forest group, as well as the fine‐root mass, particularly during the 2005 drought. Litterfall correlation with rainfall of sandy‐loam terra‐firme forest was time lagged as well as fine‐root mass of the loamy‐sand forest. The correlation between mortality and rainfall was weak, except for the loamy‐sand forest (white‐sand forest, 77%). High mortality rates occurred in the non‐flooded forests for the censuses that included the dry years (2004–2005, 2005–2006). Interestingly, litterfall, AGB increment, and recruitment showed high correlation among forests, particularly within the loam‐soil forest group. Nonetheless, leaf area index (LAI) measured in the most contrasting forests (clay and loamy‐sand soil) was poorly correlated with rainfall, but highly correlated among them, which could be indicating a phenotypic response to the incident radiation in these sites; also, LAI did not reflect the differences in NPP components and their response to rainfall. Overall, the different temporal behavior of NPP components among forests in relation to rainfall fluctuations suggests the important role that soil exerts on the responses of plant species in each site, besides their effect on forest dynamics and community composition.

中文翻译：

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亚马逊西北地区对比土壤上森林净初级生产力成分的时空变化

气候是决定热带森林生产力的重要因素。因此，通常假设在相同的当地降雨制度下生长的亚马逊森林对降雨的波动具有类似的响应，而与它们之间的土壤差异无关。我们评估了2004-2012年期间在黏土，黏土壤土，沙质黏土壤土，沙质壤土和壤土沙质土壤上的五个森林中的净初级生产力（NPP）分量的年内和年际变化以及森林动态，和西北亚马逊地区（哥伦比亚）的本地降雨状况相同。问题如下：（1）核电厂的组成部分和森林动态对时间的降雨波动是否有同步反应？（2）对于不同的林分，地上部分和地下部分之间的响应以及森林动态是否相似？发现不同核电厂组成部分对时间降雨波动的响应具有轻微和复杂的同步性；很少有地块表明，地上生物量（AGB）和茎生长易受降雨波动的影响，而地下成分（细根）则与一个月滞后降雨相关。此外，尽管西北亚马逊地区被认为是相对季节性的，但壤土-森林森林群以及细根群的凋落物表现出很高的季节性，特别是在2005年干旱期间。沙壤土森林的凋落物与降雨的相关性是时间滞后的，而沙质森林的细根质量却是滞后的。死亡率与降雨之间的相关性很弱，除了壤土森林（白沙林，占77％）。在包括干旱年份（2004–2005、2005–2006）在内的普查中，非淹没森林的死亡率很高。有趣的是，凋落物，AGB的增加和募集显示出森林之间的高度相关性，特别是在壤土-森林林类中。尽管如此，在对比最强烈的森林（粘土和壤土-沙地）中测得的叶面积指数（LAI）与降雨的相关性很弱，但与降雨之间的相关性很高，这可能表明这些地点对入射辐射的表型响应；也，LAI没有反映出NPP成分及其对降雨的响应的差异。总体而言，森林中NPP组分与降雨波动相关的不同时间行为表明，土壤除了对森林动态和群落组成的影响外，还对每个站点的植物物种响应发挥重要作用。