β–lactoglobulin is one of the nutrition allergens present in the milk of many mammals, with the exception of human. This protein belongs to the family of lipocalins, consisting of nine antiparallel β–strands (β–A to β–I) and one α–helix. This structure allows it to serve as a nanotransporter of various nature ligands in a pH dependent manner, which allows us to confidently consider it as a reliable carrier of drugs directly into the intestine, bypassing the destructive acidic environment of the stomach. Based on the latest data, this review describes the currently known methods of reducing the allergenicity of beta–lactoglobulin, as well as the mechanisms and methods of forming complexes of this protein with ligands, which emphasizes its importance and versatility and explains the growing interest in studying its properties in recent decades, and also opens up prospects for its practical application in medicine and pharmaceuticals.

β-乳球蛋白是人类以外许多哺乳动物的乳汁中存在的营养过敏原之一。该蛋白属于脂蛋白家族，由9条反平行的β-链（β-A至β-I）和一个α-螺旋组成。这种结构使它能够以pH依赖的方式充当各种自然配体的纳米转运体，这使我们可以放心地将其视为直接进入肠道的可靠药物载体，从而绕过了胃的破坏性酸性环境。根据最新数据，本综述描述了降低β-乳球蛋白变应原性的当前已知方法，以及该蛋白与配体形成复合物的机制和方法，强调了它的重要性和多功能性，并解释了人们对它的日益增长的兴趣。研究近几十年来的特性，