Ageing is characterized by a low-grade chronic inflammation marked by elevated circulating levels of inflammatory mediators. This chronic inflammation occurring in the absence of obvious infection has been coined as inflammageing and represents a risk factor for morbidity and mortality in the geriatric population. Also, with ageing, important perturbations in the gut microbiota have been underlined and a growing body of literature has implicated age-related gut dysbiosis as contributing to a global inflammatory state in the elderly. Notwithstanding, very little attention has been given to how gut microbiota impact inflammageing. Here, we investigate the available evidence regarding the association between inflammageing and gut microbiota during ageing. PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus were systematically screened, and seven relevant articles in animals or humans were retrieved. The animal studies reported that Parabacteroides, Mucispirillum, Clostridium and Sarcina positively associate with the pro-inflammatory MCP-1 while Akkermansia, Oscillospira, Blautia and Lactobacillus negatively correlate with MCP-1. Furthermore, “aged”-type microbiota were associated with increased levels of IL6, IL-10, Th1, Th2, Treg, TNF-α, TGF-β, p16, SAMHD1, Eotaxin, and RANTES; activation of TLR2, NF-κB and mTOR; and with decreased levels of cyclin E and CDK2. On the other hand, the study on humans demonstrated that bacteria of the phylum Proteobacteria exhibited a positive correlation with IL-6 and IL-8, while Ruminococcus lactaris et rel. portrayed a negative correlation with IL-8. We conclude that changes in “aged”-type gut microbiota are associated with inflammageing.

衰老的特征在于低度的慢性炎症，其特征是炎症介质的循环水平升高。这种在没有明显感染的情况下发生的慢性炎症被认为是发炎，并且是老年人口发病和死亡的危险因素。同样，随着年龄的增长，人们对肠道菌群的重要动荡进行了强调，越来越多的文献暗示与年龄有关的肠道营养不良会导致老年人的整体炎症状态。尽管如此，很少关注肠道菌群如何影响炎症。在这里，我们调查了有关衰老过程中炎症与肠道菌群之间关系的可用证据。系统地筛选了PubMed，Web of Science和Scopus，并检索了七篇有关动物或人类的相关文章。动物研究报告称，副细菌，粘螺旋菌，梭状芽胞杆菌和Sarcina与促炎性MCP-1正相关，而Akkermansia，Oscillospira，Blautia和乳杆菌与MCP-1负相关。此外，“衰老”型菌群与IL6，IL-10，Th1，Th2，Treg，TNF-α，TGF-β，p16，SAMHD1，Eotaxin和RANTES水平升高有关。TLR2，NF-κB和mTOR的激活；并降低细胞周期蛋白E和CDK2的水平。另一方面，对人体的研究表明，Proteobacteria门菌与IL-6和IL-8呈正相关，而Ruminococcus lactaris等则与之相关。与IL-8呈负相关。我们得出结论，“衰老”型肠道菌群的变化与炎症有关。