Abstract Purpose The objective of this study was (a) to investigate the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and drought stress on Thymus daenensis Celak and Thymus vulgaris L., and (b) to examine the ability of AMF to improve drought stress tolerance in Thymus species. Methods The experiment was conducted as a factorial pattern in a randomized complete design with three replications in 2017. Factors are four irrigation regimes, consisting of well-watered irrigation after depletion of 20–25% of field capacity (FC), irrigation after depletion of the 35–40% of FC, irrigation after depletion of the 55–60% of FC and two mycorrhizal fungus treatments: non-inoculation with AMF and inoculation with mycorrhiza (F. mosseae, R. intraradices). Results The results show that drought stress reduces root and shoot dry weight, relative water content, Photosynthetic pigments, gas change parameters, and nutritional values of two Thymus species, but AMF inoculation increases them. Proline, malondialdehyde, electrolyte leakage, and stomatal resistance increases with increasing water stress, but AMF inoculation ameliorates these increases in corresponding treatments. AMF inoculation increases essential oil production, but water stress in Thymus daenensis decreases it, and in Thymus vulgaris increase, it then decreases it in severe water stress. The results show that root colonization and soil spore density in AMF inoculated treatments increases in low drought stress but decreases with increasing water stress severity. Conclusions The results suggest that AMF inoculation could be an excellent strategy to alleviate the adverse effects of water stress in two Thymus species cultivation in drought stress conditions.

中文翻译：

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在正常和干旱胁迫条件下接种丛枝菌根真菌可提高百里香和百里香的精油和生理参数和营养价值

摘要 目的本研究的目的是 (a) 研究丛枝菌根真菌 (AMF) 和干旱胁迫对 Thymus daenensis Celak 和 Thymus vulgaris L. 的影响，以及 (b) 检验 AMF 提高干旱胁迫耐受性的能力。在胸腺物种中。方法 该试验是在 2017 年重复 3 次的随机完整设计中作为因子模式进行的。因素是四种灌溉制度，包括田间持水量 (FC) 消耗 20-25% 后的充分灌溉、田间持水量 (FC) 消耗后的灌溉。 35-40% 的 FC，耗尽 55-60% 的 FC 和两种菌根真菌处理后的灌溉：不接种 AMF 和接种菌根（F. mosseae, R. intraradices）。结果 结果表明，干旱胁迫降低了根茎干重、相对含水量、两种胸腺物种的光合色素、气体变化参数和营养价值，但 AMF 接种增加了它们。脯氨酸、丙二醛、电解质泄漏和气孔阻力随着水分胁迫的增加而增加，但 AMF 接种在相应的处理中改善了这些增加。AMF 接种增加了精油的产量，但在百里香中的水分胁迫会减少它，而在百里香中，它会在严重的水分胁迫下减少。结果表明，AMF 接种处理中的根系定植和土壤孢子密度在低干旱胁迫下增加，但随着水分胁迫严重程度的增加而降低。