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On the 70th anniversary of the 1949 Khait Earthquake in Tajikistan
Seismic Instruments ( IF 0.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-30 , DOI: 10.3103/s0747923920040088
A. Ya. Sidorin

Abstract

In connection with the 70th anniversary of the Khait earthquake of July 10, 1949, information is presented on the parameters, features of manifestation, and effects of this seismic event. The most important effects of the earthquake and causes of numerous casualties are considered. Photos showing the earthquake’s effects are presented from the personal archive of V.F. Bonchkovsky, who headed the commission for examination of the epicentral zone. The Khait earthquake of July 10, 1949, is the strongest known in the South Tien Shan–Tajik Depression junction zone. It was preceded by two strong foreshocks, followed by a very large number of aftershocks, including strong ones. Seismic vibrations damaged buildings over a large area. However, the destructive effects of the Khait earthquake are mainly related to its secondary manifestations: the occurrence of a large number of landslides, mudflows, and rock and earth avalanches. They directly resulted in a huge number of victims and led to significant geomorphological changes in the epicentral zone. As a result of a rock–mud avalanche, the district center of Khait was buried along with its inhabitants. A total of 33 settlements were destroyed by mudflows. In total, about 28 000 people died, comparable to the number of victims of the 1948 Ashgabat and 1988 Spitak earthquakes. The disaster was so vast because this very strong earthquake occurred in an area characterized by very high landslide activity during a period of very strong slope humidification, i.e., a period of very high instability.


中文翻译:

1949年塔吉克斯坦海特地震70周年

摘要

与1949年7月10日的卡伊特地震70周年纪念日有关的信息,参数,表现特征和地震事件的影响。考虑了地震的最重要影响和众多人员伤亡的原因。VF Bonchkovsky的个人档案中展示了显示地震影响的照片,VF Bonchkovsky领导委员会对震中区进行检查。1949年7月10日的海特地震是南天山-塔吉克De陷交界处最强烈的地震。在此之前发生了两次强烈的前震,随后发生了包括余震在内的大量余震。地震振动在大面积上损坏了建筑物。但是,卡伊特地震的破坏性作用主要与其次要表现有关:发生大量的滑坡,泥石流和岩石和雪崩。它们直接导致大量受害者,并导致震中区发生重大地貌变化。由于发生了岩石泥泞的雪崩,海伊特(Khait)区域中心及其居民被埋葬了。共有33个定居点被泥石流摧毁。总计约有28000人死亡,与1948年阿什哈巴德(Ashgabat)和1988年Spitak地震的受害者人数相当。这次灾难之所以如此巨大,是因为这次非常强烈的地震发生在一个特征为非常高的斜坡加湿期(即非常不稳定的时期)的非常高的滑坡活动区域。它们直接导致大量受害者,并导致震中区发生重大地貌变化。由于发生岩石泥崩雪崩,海伊特(Khait)区域中心与居民一起被埋葬。共有33个定居点被泥石流摧毁。总共约有28000人死亡,与1948年阿什哈巴德(Ashgabat)和1988年Spitak地震的受害者人数相当。这场灾难之所以如此巨大,是因为这次非常强烈的地震发生在一个特征为非常高的斜坡加湿期(即非常不稳定的时期)的非常高的滑坡活动区域。它们直接导致大量受害者,并导致震中区发生重大地貌变化。由于发生了岩石泥泞的雪崩,海伊特(Khait)区域中心及其居民被埋葬了。共有33个定居点被泥石流摧毁。总共有大约28000人死亡,与1948年阿什哈巴德(Ashgabat)和1988年Spitak地震的受害者人数相当。这场灾难之所以如此巨大,是因为这次非常强烈的地震发生在一个特征为非常高的斜坡加湿期(即非常不稳定的时期)的非常高的滑坡活动区域。大约有28000人死亡,与1948年阿什哈巴德(Ashgabat)和1988年Spitak地震的受害者人数相当。这场灾难之所以如此巨大,是因为这次非常强烈的地震发生在一个特征为非常高的斜坡加湿期(即非常不稳定的时期)的非常高的滑坡活动区域。大约有28000人死亡,与1948年阿什哈巴德(Ashgabat)和1988年Spitak地震的受害者人数相当。这场灾难之所以如此巨大,是因为这次非常强烈的地震发生在一个特征为非常高的斜坡加湿期(即非常不稳定的时期)的非常高的滑坡活动区域。
更新日期:2020-08-30
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