Soybean is an important crop used for oil production. Alterations of the fatty acids, especially increased oleic acid content, can improve the nutritional quality and oxidative stability of soybean oil. During seed development, two genes, encoding FAD2-1A and FAD2-1B, are mainly responsible for the transformation from oleic acid to linoleic acid, and the combination of fad2-1a and fad2-1b is the key factor for increasing oleic acid content. To breed high oleic acid varieties, we analyzed the haplotype of FAD2-1A and FAD2-1B among 1250 soybean accessions and detected a novel mutation in the FAD2-1A gene that we described as fad2-1a/W254Stop. By focusing on the mutation fad2-1a/W254Stop and the reported fad2-1b allele, we developed two molecular markers. Based on these markers, we selected one line (435) from a cross between the fad2-1a(W254Stop) allele and the existing fad2-1 allele. The oleic acid content of ‘435’ was 91.03%. The ‘435’ line was used as a donor parent, and an elite soybean cultivar ‘Heinong51’ was selected as the recurrent parent. After three backcrosses, we detected an individual with high oleic acid content (75%) and high yield. We named this individual ‘Fuhang3’. This study generated material for breeding high oleic acid soybean varieties and improved the rate of breeding novel soybean varieties.

大豆是用于石油生产的重要农作物。脂肪酸的改变，尤其是油酸含量的增加，可以改善大豆油的营养品质和氧化稳定性。在种子发育过程中，编码FAD2-1A和FAD2-1B的两个基因主要负责从油酸向亚油酸的转化，而fad2-1a和fad2-1b的结合是增加油酸含量的关键因素。为了育成高油酸品种，我们分析了1250份大豆种质中FAD2-1A和FAD2-1B的单倍型，并在FAD2-1A基因中检测到一个新突变，我们将该突变称为fad2-1a / W254Stop。通过关注突变fad2-1a / W254Stop和已报道的fad2-1b等位基因，我们开发了两个分子标记。基于这些标记，我们从fad2-1a（W254Stop）等位基因与现有fad2-1等位基因之间的杂交中选择了一条线（435）。'435'的油酸含量为91.03％。'435'系用作供体亲本，而优良的大豆品种'Heinong51'被选作轮回亲本。经过三个回交后，我们检测到一个具有高油酸含量（75％）和高产率的个体。我们将此人命名为“ Fuhang3”。该研究为高油酸大豆品种的选育提供了材料，并提高了大豆新品种的选育率。