Nanoemulsion technology is an alternative candidate to overcome antibiotic resistance in pathogenic bacteria. The aim of this research was nanoemulsion production from the essential oil of Alhagi maurorum and the characterization of this nanostructure. Nanoemulsion of essential oil from A. maurorum was prepared using the ionotropic gelation method and chitosan as a nano-carrier. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was used to characterize the synthesized nanoparticles. The effect of nanoemulsion on the antibacterial, antibiofilm, and plasmid curing of six antibiotic-resistant pathogenic bacteria (P. aeruginosa, E. coli, S. aureus, K. pneumonia, A. baumannii, B. cereus) was evaluated. The results of this study showed that nanoparticles had a spherical shape and smooth topology. The mean size were 172 ± 4 nm and Zeta potentials was +28.6 mv. The results of antibacterial activity confirmed that nanoemulsion of essential oil had higher inhibition against bacteria compared to free essential oil. Also, this nanoemulsion had antibiofilm activity. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration for Biofilm (MBCB) were determined for nanoemulsion against the biofilm of pathogenic bacteria. The results have shown that the MIC value for A. baumannii is 12.5 mg ml ⁻¹ and for E. coli this value is 1.75 mg ml ⁻¹. This finding means that MIC values were highest for A. baumannii and lowest for E. coli. Statistical analysis demonstrated that the inhibitory effect of nanoemulsion against bacterial biofilm was significant (P < 0.05). This nanoemulsion also had a remarkable effect the curing of R-plasmid of three antibiotic-resistant bacteria. According to GC-MS analysis of A. maurorum essential oil, the main compounds were oxygenated sesquiterpenes and hydrocarbons. Nanoemulsion of A. maurorum had the potential to use as suitable antimicrobial agents against antibiotic-resistant bacteria.

纳米乳技术是克服病原菌抗生素耐药性的替代候选技术。本研究的目的是从Alhagi maurorum精油中生产纳米乳液并表征这种纳米结构。以壳聚糖为纳米载体，采用离子凝胶法制备了毛苋精油纳米乳。使用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）来表征合成的纳米颗粒。评价了纳米乳对六种抗生素耐药病原菌（铜绿假单胞菌、大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、蜡状芽孢杆菌）的抗菌、抗菌膜和质粒治愈效果。这项研究的结果表明，纳米颗粒具有球形形状和光滑的拓扑结构。平均尺寸为 172 ± 4 nm，Zeta 电位为 +28.6 mv。抗菌活性结果证实，与游离精油相比，精油纳米乳对细菌具有更高的抑制作用。此外，这种纳米乳液具有抗生物膜活性。测定了纳米乳剂对病原菌生物膜的最低抑制浓度（MIC）和生物膜最低杀菌浓度（MBCB）。结果显示鲍曼不动杆菌的MIC值为12.5 mg ml ^-1 ，而大肠杆菌的MIC值为1.75 mg ml ^-1 。这一发现意味着鲍曼不动杆菌的 MIC 值最高，大肠杆菌的MIC 值最低。统计分析表明，纳米乳对细菌生物膜的抑制效果显着（ P < 0.05）。 该纳米乳对三种抗生素耐药菌的R质粒的治愈也有显着效果。根据GC-MS对毛罗兰精油进行分析，主要化合物为含氧倍半萜和碳氢化合物。 A. maurorum纳米乳剂有可能用作对抗抗生素耐药细菌的合适抗菌剂。