The objective of this study was to explore wild barley as a potential source of alleles controlling plant development that can be used to improve the adaptation of barley to the Australian environment. The HEB-25 population was evaluated in field conditions at Strathalbyn (South Australia) in 2015 and 2016 and phenotyped for five traits related to plant development, in addition to plant height and ear number. GWAS identified QTL for all traits, of which many co-localised with known phenology genes. In the Australian environment, it was found that the Gibberellic acid (GA)-dependant pathway is important in regulating key development stages including shooting, flowering and maturing compared to the photoperiod and vernalisation pathway. Beneficial alleles from wild barley were identified, such as at the QTL tightly linked to the swd1 locus belonging to the GA-dependant pathway, wild alleles from five subfamilies increased EAR by up to 2.23 ears per m2. At the identified QTL, a wide range of effects was observed due to the wild barley alleles thus providing new genetic diversity that can be utilised to fine-tune the adaptation of barley to the Australian environment.

中文翻译：

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鉴定与澳大利亚环境中植物发育相关的野生大麦衍生等位基因

本研究的目的是探索野生大麦作为控制植物发育的等位基因的潜在来源，可用于改善大麦对澳大利亚环境的适应性。HEB-25 种群于 2015 年和 2016 年在 Strathalbyn（南澳大利亚）的田间条件下进行了评估，除了植物高度和穗数外，还对与植物发育相关的五个性状进行了表型分析。GWAS 确定了所有性状的 QTL，其中许多与已知的物候基因共定位。在澳大利亚环境中，发现与光周期和春化途径相比，赤霉酸 (GA) 依赖性途径在调节包括射击、开花和成熟在内的关键发育阶段方面很重要。鉴定了来自野生大麦的有益等位基因，例如，在与属于 GA 依赖途径的 swd1 基因座紧密相连的 QTL，来自五个亚科的野生等位基因使 EAR 增加了高达每平方米 2.23 个耳朵。在确定的 QTL 中，由于野生大麦等位基因，观察到了广泛的影响，从而提供了新的遗传多样性，可用于微调大麦对澳大利亚环境的适应性。