Biofouling is an ongoing challenge for marine salmon aquaculture, impacting farming operations, fish health and welfare. Current mitigation strategies employed in Norway and Scotland rely mainly on the use of antifouling coatings and reactive removal of biofouling. These approaches are not only costly and of limited efficacy, but also pose active risks and likely contribute to mortality of fish during grow‐out at sea. Given the inefficiencies of current biofouling management approaches and the industry’s objectives for growth and sustainability, a strategic assessment of future avenues for biofouling management is needed. We here present such an assessment and outline three novel biofouling management strategies that, once implemented, could facilitate improved fish health and welfare, reduced environmental impacts and benefits to the public perception of fish farming. These strategies are based on: (i) efficient antifouling coatings; (ii) antifouling combined with intermittent cleaning; and (iii) grooming of nets. We discuss the advantages, challenges and research and development needs associated with the realisation of these strategies. Drawing on experiences from agricultural systems and invasive species management, we show how the costs involved in the implementation of new strategies will over time be offset by the direct and indirect benefits arising from a reduction in environmental and fish health impacts and an increase in the industry’s social licence to operate.

中文翻译：

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在鲑鱼养殖中实现具有成本效益的生物污染管理：战略前景

对于海洋鲑鱼养殖而言，生物污损是一个持续的挑战，影响养殖作业，鱼类健康和福祉。挪威和苏格兰目前采用的缓解策略主要依靠使用防污涂料和反应性去除生物污垢。这些方法不仅成本高昂且功效有限，而且还构成了积极的风险，并有可能导致鱼类在海上成鱼期间的死亡。鉴于当前生物污垢管理方法的效率低下以及该行业的增长和可持续性目标，需要对生物污垢管理的未来途径进行战略评估。我们在此进行这样的评估，并概述三种新颖的生物污染管理策略，这些策略一旦实施，便可以促进鱼类健康和福祉的改善，减少对环境的影响并提高公众对养鱼的认识。这些策略基于：（i）高效防污涂料；（ii）防污结合间歇清洁；（iii）整理蚊帐。我们讨论了与实现这些策略相关的优势，挑战和研发需求。借鉴农业系统和入侵物种管理的经验，我们展示了随着时间的推移，实施新战略所涉及的成本将如何通过减少对环境和鱼类健康的影响以及行业的增加所产生的直接和间接利益来抵消。社会经营许可证。（iii）整理蚊帐。我们讨论了与实现这些策略相关的优势，挑战和研发需求。借鉴农业系统和入侵物种管理的经验，我们展示了随着时间的推移，实施新战略所涉及的成本将如何通过减少对环境和鱼类健康的影响以及行业的增加所产生的直接和间接利益来抵消。社会经营许可证。（iii）整理蚊帐。我们讨论了与实现这些策略相关的优势，挑战和研发需求。借鉴农业系统和入侵物种管理的经验，我们展示了随着时间的推移，实施新战略所涉及的成本将如何通过减少对环境和鱼类健康的影响以及行业的增加所产生的直接和间接利益来抵消。社会经营许可证。