Abstract In recent years, spin-gapless semiconductors (SGSs) with parabolic and linear band dispersions have aroused great interest worldwide in the field of materials science due to their various attractive properties. In this review, the theoretical and experimental progress from 2008 to 2020 on the structure, electronic, and magnetic properties of almost all the SGSs with one-, two-, and three-dimensional structures are summarized. The potential applications in spintronic devices based on SGSs are introduced. Compared to the SGSs with parabolic band dispersions (PSGSs), the linear Dirac-type SGSs (DSGSs), which belong to the type I linear type SGSs, host real massless fermions and dissipationless transport properties, and thus are regarded as promising material candidates for applications in ultra-fast and ultra-low-power spintronic devices. The predicted DSGSs are good platforms to achieve the quantum anomalous Hall (QAH) states and to study the entanglement between the DSGS and QAH states. In this work, we introduce the DSGS state and the possible QAH state for the DSGSs predicted in the past six years. Interestingly, nodal-line(s) spin-gapless semiconductors (NLSGSs), which enable fully spin-polarized fermionic states, are currently receiving considerable interest and are highly desirable for promising spintronics applications. In this review, we also summarize four sub-types of NLSGSs with different shapes of nodal lines in momentum space, including the nodal ring, nodal link, nodal chain, and nodal knot. The recent advances in nodal-ring spin-gapless semiconductors and nodal-chain spin-gapless semiconductors are reviewed. Possible new physics and potential applications for the NLSGSs are also discussed.

中文翻译：

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用于未来自旋电子学和电子学的自旋无间隙半导体

摘要 近年来，具有抛物线和线性能带色散的自旋无隙半导体（SGS）由于其各种吸引人的特性而在材料科学领域引起了全世界的极大兴趣。在这篇综述中，总结了2008年至2020年几乎所有具有一维、二维和三维结构的SGS的结构、电子和磁性能的理论和实验进展。介绍了基于 SGS 的自旋电子器件的潜在应用。与具有抛物线带色散 (PSGS) 的 SGS 相比，属于 I 型线性 SGS 的线性狄拉克型 SGS (DSGS) 具有真正的无质量费米子和无耗散输运特性，因此被认为是有前途的材料候选者在超快和超低功率自旋电子器件中的应用。预测的 DSGS 是实现量子反常霍尔 (QAH) 态和研究 DSGS 和 QAH 态之间纠缠的良好平台。在这项工作中，我们介绍了过去六年中预测的 DSGS 的 DSGS 状态和可能的 QAH 状态。有趣的是，能够实现完全自旋极化费米子态的节点线（s）自旋无隙半导体（NLSGS）目前引起了相当大的兴趣，并且非常适合有前途的自旋电子学应用。在这篇综述中，我们还总结了动量空间中具有不同形状节点线的 NLSGS 的四种子类型，包括节点环、节点链接、节点链和节点结。回顾了节点环自旋无隙半导体和节点链自旋无隙半导体的最新进展。