The preparation of long-wavelength emitting carbon dots (CDs) with good antibacterial function and biosensing ability through element doping method is the hotspot of present researches. This paper reports the rapid synthesis of nitrogen and phosphorus co-doped long wavelength-emitting CDs (N, P-CDs, λ_em = 530 nm) under low reaction temperature (30 min, 60 °C). This method used glucose, polyethyleneimine and phosphoric acid as raw materials, and each raw material worked multi-functionally during the synthesis process. The impacts of raw materials and reaction parameters upon optical properties of prepared N, P-CDs have been studied, and the synthesis mechanism has been discussed. Meanwhile, N, P-CDs were used as antibacterial material with minimum inhibitory concentrations against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli at 7.5 μg·mL⁻¹ and 0.5 mg·mL⁻¹ respectively. The prepared CDs were also used to realize fluorescence imaging of S. aureus, and work as fluorescence probe to detect Sudan Red I with limit of detection at 43 nM.

通过元素掺杂法制备具有良好的抗菌功能和生物传感能力的长波发射碳点（CDs）是当前研究的热点。本文报道了 在低反应温度（30分钟，60°C）下氮和磷共掺杂长波长发射CD（N，P-CD，_λem = 530 nm）的快速合成。该方法以葡萄糖，聚乙烯亚胺和磷酸为原料，每种原料在合成过程中均具有多功能性。研究了原料和反应参数对制备的N，P-CDs光学性能的影响，并探讨了其合成机理。同时，N，P-CDs被用作抑菌浓度最低的抑菌剂。金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌分别为7.5μg·mL ^-1和0.5 mg·mL ^-1。制备的CDs还用于实现金黄色葡萄球菌的荧光成像，并用作荧光探针，以43 nM的检出限检测苏丹红I。