Li-ion hybrid supercapacitors (LHSs) bridged the gap between batteries and supercapacitors, and simultaneously attracted tremendous attention because of their potential applications in intelligent portable electronic devices. Nevertheless, obtaining all-inorganic LHSs with excellent environmental compatibility and smart display features remains a remarkable challenge. Herein, we designed and constructed a novel ultrathin all-inorganic electrochromic Li-ion hybrid supercapacitor (ELHS) by incorporating battery-type (LiMn₂O₄) and supercapacitor-type (WO₃) electrochromic materials into one cell. The resultant ELHS achieved stable and reversible chromatic transitions during the electrochemical process, providing sufficient real-time information on the working status. Benefiting from the matching potential windows of the individual active electrodes and the all-inorganic construction of the whole device, the optimized ELHS exhibited an extended working voltage of 2.5 V. Impressively, the ELHS demonstrated an ultrahigh volumetric energy/power density (16.2 W cm⁻³/0.21 Wh cm⁻³) and remarkable cycling stability with ~95.4% capacitance retention after 5000 cycles. The observed performance characteristics outperformed most previously reported electrochromic energy storage devices and were comparable to some commercial devices. Significantly, inorganic electrolytes were introduced into the ELHS, which endowed it with outstanding environmental adaptability and ability to work at progressively varying temperatures (0–75 °C). We envision that this work may open new avenues for the development of next-generation safe and portable hybrid energy storage devices.

锂离子混合超级电容器（LHS）弥补了电池和超级电容器之间的空白，同时由于其在智能便携式电子设备中的潜在应用而引起了极大的关注。然而，获得具有出色的环境兼容性和智能显示功能的全无机LHS仍然是一个巨大的挑战。在这里，我们通过结合电池型（LiMn ₂ O ₄）和超级电容器型（WO ₃）设计并构建了一种新型的超薄全无机电致变色锂离子混合超级电容器（ELHS）。）将电致变色材料合并为一个单元。所得的ELHS在电化学过程中实现了稳定且可逆的色变，可提供有关工作状态的足够实时信息。得益于各个有源电极的匹配电势窗口和整个设备的全无机结构，优化的ELHS表现出2.5 V的扩展工作电压。令人印象深刻的是，ELHS表现出超高的体积能量/功率密度（16.2 W cm ⁻³ /0.21 Wh厘米⁻³）和显着的循环稳定性，在5000次循环后具有约95.4％的电容保持率。观察到的性能特征优于大多数先前报道的电致变色能量存储设备，并且可以与某些商用设备相比。重要的是，将无机电解质引入了ELHS，赋予其出色的环境适应性和在逐渐变化的温度（0-75°C）下工作的能力。我们预想这项工作可能会为下一代安全便携式便携式混合能源存储设备的开发开辟新的途径。