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Utilizing the Natural Composition of Brown Seaweed for the Preparation of Hybrid Ink for 3D Printing of Hydrogels
ACS Applied Bio Materials ( IF 4.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-29 , DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00920
Linn Berglund 1 , Jonathan Rakar 2 , Johan P E Junker 2 , Fredrik Forsberg 3 , Kristiina Oksman 1, 4, 5
Affiliation  

This study aims to utilize the natural composition of brown seaweed by deriving alginate and cellulose concurrently from the stipe (stem-like) and blade (leaf-like) structures of the seaweed; further, this is followed by fibrillation for the direct and resource-efficient preparation of alginate/cellulose nanofiber (CNF) hybrid inks for three-dimensional (3D) printing of hydrogels. The efficiency of the fibrillation process was evaluated, and the obtained gels were further studied with regard to their rheological behavior. As a proof of concept, the inks were 3D printed into discs, followed by cross-linking with CaCl2 to form biomimetic hydrogels. It was shown that the nanofibrillation process from both seaweed structures is very energy-efficient, with an energy demand lower than 1.5 kW h/kg, and with CNF dimensions below 15 nm. The inks displayed excellent shear-thinning behavior and cytocompatibility and were successfully printed into 3D discs that, after cross-linking, exhibited an interconnected network structure with favorable mechanical properties, and a cell viability of 71%. The designed 3D biomimetic hydrogels offers an environmentally benign, cost-efficient, and biocompatible material platform with a favorable structure for the development of biomedical devices, such as 3D bio printing of soft tissues.

中文翻译:

利用褐海藻的天然成分制备用于水凝胶 3D 打印的混合墨水

本研究旨在利用褐海藻的天然成分,同时从海藻的柄(茎状)和叶片(叶状)结构中提取藻酸盐和纤维素;此外,随后进行原纤化,以直接和资源高效地制备藻酸盐/纤维素纳米纤维 (CNF) 混合油墨,用于水凝胶的三维 (3D) 打印。评估了原纤化过程的效率,并进一步研究了所得凝胶的流变行为。作为概念验证,墨水被 3D 打印成圆盘,然后与 CaCl 2交联形成仿生水凝胶。结果表明,两种海藻结构的纳米原纤化过程非常节能,能量需求低于 1.5 kW h/kg,CNF 尺寸低于 15 nm。该油墨表现出优异的剪切稀化性能和细胞相容性,并成功打印成 3D 圆盘,交联后呈现出互连的网络结构,具有良好的机械性能,细胞活力为 71%。设计的 3D 仿生水凝胶提供了一个环境友好、成本效益高且生物相容的材料平台,具有有利的结构,有利于生物医学设备的开发,例如软组织的 3D 生物打印。
更新日期:2020-09-21
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