1. Biogeographical regionalization is the classification of regions in terms of their biota and is key to our understanding of the ecological and historical drivers affecting species distribution in macroecological or large‐scale conservation studies. However, despite the mass production of species distributions and phylogenetic data, statistical and computational infrastructure to successfully incorporate, manipulate and analyse such massive amounts of data had not been fully developed.
2. Here, we present phyloregion, a statistical package for the analysis of biogeographical regionalization and macroecology in the R computing environment, tailored for mega phylogenies and macroecological datasets of ever‐increasing size and complexity.
3. Compared to available packages, phyloregion is several times faster and allocates less memory than other packages for analysis of alpha diversity (including phylogenetic diversity, phylogenetic endemism and evolutionary distinctiveness and global endangerment) and beta diversity (including cluster analysis, determining optimal number of clusters and evolutionary distinctiveness of regions).
4. We demonstrate the scalability of the package to large datasets with comprehensive phylogenies and global distribution maps of squamate reptiles (amphisbaenians, lizards and snakes), and show that different phyloregions differ strongly in evolutionary distinctiveness across scales. Visualization tools allow graphical exploration of the generated patterns of biogeographical regionalization and macroecology in geographical space.
5. Ultimately, phyloregion will facilitate rapid biogeographical analyses that will accommodate the ongoing mass production of species occurrence records and phylogenetic datasets at any scale and for any taxonomic group into completely reproducible R workflows.

中文翻译：

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phyloregion：用于生物地理区域划分和宏观生态学的R包

1. 生物地理区域划分是按照生物区系对区域进行分类，并且是我们了解影响宏观生态或大规模保护研究中物种分布的生态和历史驱动因素的关键。然而，尽管大量生产物种分布和系统发育数据，但尚未完全开发出成功整合，操纵和分析如此大量数据的统计和计算基础设施。
2. 在这里，我们介绍phyloregion，这是一个统计数据包，用于分析R计算环境中的生物地理区域化和宏观生态，专为超大型系统发生和规模和复杂性不断增长的宏观生态数据集而定制。
3. 与可用软件包相比，系统区域可比其他软件包快几倍，并且分配的内存更少，可用于分析α多样性（包括系统发育多样性，系统发生地方性和进化独特性以及全球濒危）和β多样性（包括聚类分析，确定最佳聚类数目和区域的进化独特性）。
4. 我们展示了该软件包对具有全面系统发育和鳞状爬行动物（两栖类，蜥蜴和蛇类）的全球分布图的大型数据集的可扩展性，并显示了不同的系统区域在各个尺度上的进化独特性差异很大。可视化工具允许对地理空间中生物地理区域化和宏观生态的生成模式进行图形化探索。
5. 最终，系统区域将促进快速的生物地理分析，以适应正在进行中的大规模生产的物种发生记录和系统发育数据集，无论其在任何规模上以及对于任何分类组而言都可完全复制到R工作流程中。