An 8‐week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary carbohydrate sources on growth, insulin signalling pathway and hepatic glucose metabolism in juvenile black seabream (Acanthopagrus schlegelii). Five isonitrogenous (480 g/kg) and isolipidic (120 g/kg) experimental diets were formulated to contain 200 g/kg glucose (GLU), sucrose (SUC), wheat starch (WS), corn starch (CS) and dextrin (DEX), respectively. The results indicated that fish fed the WS, CS and DEX diets exhibited the higher per cent weight gain and protein efficiency ratio than those fed the GLU and SUC diets (p < .05). Fish fed the GLU diet had the lowest survival and condition factor among all treatments (p < .05). Maillard reaction had occurred in the glucose diet due to moist heat process, drying and storage of the glucose diets suggested a lower lysine level in this diet than the other diets. The expression of irs1 and pi3k was significantly up‐regulated in fish fed the DEX diet (p < .05). Moreover, the relative mRNA expression of genes involved in glycolysis such as hk and pk was down‐regulated in fish fed the GLU and SUC diets (p < .05). The expression of genes related to gluconeogenesis such as pepck and fbp was not significantly influenced by dietary carbohydrate sources (p > .05). However, fish fed the WS, CS and DEX diets has higher expression of g6pc than those fed the other diets (p < .05). The results of present study demonstrated that fish fed the polysaccharide diets (WS, CS and DEX) had better growth than those fed the monosaccharide (GLU) or disaccharide (SUC) diets. However, severe Maillard reaction in the glucose diets resulted in significant reduction in the growth performance of the fish. The mRNA expressions of hepatic genes involved in glycolysis, gluconeogenesis and insulin signalling pathway were significantly affected by dietary carbohydrate sources.

中文翻译：

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黑鲷中碳水化合物的利用：碳水化合物来源对生长，胰岛素信号通路和肝葡萄糖代谢的影响

进行了为期8周的喂养试验，以评估膳食碳水化合物源对少年黑鲷（Acanthopagrus schlegelii）的生长，胰岛素信号传导途径和肝葡萄糖代谢的影响。配制了五种等氮（480 g / kg）和等脂（120 g / kg）实验日粮，以包含200 g / kg葡萄糖（GLU），蔗糖（SUC），小麦淀粉（WS），玉米淀粉（CS）和糊精（ DEX）。结果表明，饲喂WS，CS和DEX日粮的鱼比饲喂GLU和SUC日粮的鱼表现出更高的体重增加和蛋白质效率比（p  <.05）。在所有处理中，以GLU饮食喂养的鱼的存活率和条件因子最低（p <.05）。由于湿热过程，葡萄糖饮食中发生了美拉德反应，葡萄糖饮食的干燥和储存表明该饮食中的赖氨酸水平低于其他饮食。喂DEX日粮的鱼中irs1和pi3k的表达显着上调（p  <0.05）。此外，在饲喂GLU和SUC饲料的鱼中，参与糖酵解的基因（例如hk和pk）的相对mRNA表达下调（p  <.05）。与糖异生相关的基因如pepck和fbp的表达不受饮食碳水化合物来源的显着影响（p > .05）。但是，饲喂WS，CS和DEX日粮的鱼的g6pc表达高于饲喂其他日粮的鱼（p  <.05）。本研究结果表明，饲喂多糖日粮（WS，CS和DEX）的鱼类比饲喂单糖（GLU）或二糖（SUC）日粮的鱼类生长更好。然而，葡萄糖饮食中的严重美拉德反应导致鱼的生长性能显着降低。膳食糖源显着影响参与糖酵解，糖异生和胰岛素信号通路的肝基因的mRNA表达。