In previous studies, combined inclusion of Zn, Mn and Se in early weaning diets improved larval growth, but suggested a potential toxicity by one of these elements. The present study aimed to determine the effect of the single inclusion of Zn, Mn, Se or Cu, their combination (Control+) or their absence (Control−) on larval diets. At the end of the trial, survival was significantly (p < .05) lowest in fish fed C+ diet (17.16 ± 7% mean ± SD), followed by that of larvae fed Mn diet (21.91 ± 7%). The highest survival was obtained by Cu diet (35.27 ± 15%), followed by C− diet (34.58 ± 9%). Cu and Se supplementation significantly improved total length and body weight, in comparison with the C− fish. On the contrary, fish fed Mn and C+ showed the lowest growth. Supplementation with Zn or Cu significantly increased CuZnsod, whereas gpx was significantly upregulated in fish fed Se and C+ diets. ARA/EPA level was significantly highest and DHA/EPA lowest in larvae fed the Cu diet in fish fed C+ diet. The results pointed out the importance of supplementation with Cu, as well as Se and Zn, on early weaning diets for gilthead sea bream, and the potential toxic effect of Mn.

中文翻译：

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断奶初期饮食中微量微量元素对金头鲷（Sparus aurata，L）幼虫生长，存活，矿物质含量和基因表达的影响

在先前的研究中，在断奶的早期日粮中锌，锰和硒的混合添加可改善幼虫的生长，但表明这些元素之一具有潜在的毒性。本研究旨在确定单一添加Zn，Mn，Se或Cu，它们的组合（Control +）或不存在（Control-）对幼虫饮食的影响。在试验结束时，以 C +饲料喂养的鱼的存活率最低（p <.05）最低（17.16±7％平均±  SD），其次是饲喂锰饮食的幼虫（21.91±7％）。铜饮食（35.27±15％），其次是C-饮食（34.58±9％），可获得最高的存活率。与C-鱼相比，补充Cu和Se可以显着改善总长和体重。相反，饲喂Mn和C +的鱼生长最低。补充锌或铜会显着增加铜锌素的含量，而在饲喂硒和碳+日粮的鱼中gpx明显上调。在饲喂C +日粮的鱼中，饲喂Cu日粮的幼虫中ARA / EPA水平最高，而DHA / EPA最低。研究结果指出，在早期断奶日粮中，补充铜，硒和锌对importance鱼的重要性以及锰的潜在毒性作用。