Abstract Inspired by the excellent mechanical performance of bone materials characterized by compact shell and porous core, this study proposes a lightweight, mechanically robust, and thermal-insulating polyarylene ether nitrile (PEN) with a bone-like structure. The supercritical fluid technique was applied to provide PEN with two types of tunable bone-like structures, which makes it simple to manipulated under supercritical treatment conditions. Depending on different bone-like microstructures, their tensile strength can reach up to 75 MPa with the impact strength range of 50–190 KJ/m2. Notably, the impact strength of PEN foam with a saturation time of 4 h is 1.6% higher than that of pure PEN. Furthermore, lightweight PEN foams capable of thermal insulation and their conductivity can reach 0.06 W/m.K without compromising the actual mechanical performance. These lightweight PENs with a remarkable performance in thermal insulation and mechanical robustness show a massive potential in automobile application for effectiveness in energy conservation and reducing air pollution. Based on this experiment, a new method is proposed to prepare biomimetic bone-like materials.

中文翻译：

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具有骨状结构的机械坚固且隔热的聚亚芳基醚腈

摘要 受以致密壳和多孔核为特征的骨材料优异机械性能的启发，本研究提出了一种轻质、机械坚固且隔热的具有类骨结构的聚亚芳基醚腈 (PEN)。应用超临界流体技术为 PEN 提供两种类型的可调谐骨状结构，使其在超临界处理条件下易于操作。根据不同的类骨微观结构，它们的拉伸强度可以达到 75 MPa，冲击强度范围为 50-190 KJ/m2。值得注意的是，饱和时间为 4 小时的 PEN 泡沫的冲击强度比纯 PEN 高 1.6%。此外，轻质 PEN 泡沫能够隔热且导电率可达 0.06 W/m。K 而不会影响实际的机械性能。这些在隔热和机械强度方面具有卓越性能的轻质 PEN 在汽车应用中显示出巨大的潜力，可以有效地节能和减少空气污染。在此实验的基础上，提出了一种制备仿生类骨材料的新方法。